OBJECTIVE In previous studies, factors related to a history of suicide attempts in persons with alcohol dependence have included sociodemographic variables, a more severe course of alcoholism, additional substance use disorders, and psychiatric comorbidity. This 5-year prospective study evaluated attributes associated with suicide attempts in a group of treatment-seeking persons with alcohol de...

Anecdotal reports link alcohol intoxication to creativity, while cognitive research highlights the crucial role of cognitive control for creative thought. This study examined the effects of mild alcohol intoxication on creative cognition in a placebo-controlled design. Participants completed executive and creative cognition tasks before and after consuming either alcoholic beer (BAC of 0.03) or...

F etal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the most common, nongenetic cause of mental retardation, and has a signifi cant national health impact [1]. Meeting the criteria for this condition requires the identifi cation of specifi c features, involving craniofacial dysmorphology (particularly midfacial anomalies), growth retardation, and defi cits in brain function. Most children with alcohol-induced pre...

Development of alcohol use disorders largely depends on the effects of alcohol on the brain reward systems. Emerging evidence indicate that common mechanisms regulate food and alcohol intake and raise the possibility that endocrine signals from the gut may play an important role for alcohol consumption, alcohol-induced reward and the motivation to consume alcohol. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1...

Acute alcohol consumption is associated with socially inappropriate behaviour. Such behaviour could in part reflect the potential of alcohol to interfere with social cognition. In this experiment we tested the hypothesis that acute alcohol consumption by regular heavy social drinking young adults would compromise an aspect of social cognition, namely theory of mind (understanding intentions, em...

Alcohol dependence is associated with a dysregulated dopamine system modulating reward, craving and cognition. The monoamine stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 (OSU6162) can counteract both hyper- and hypo-dopaminergic states and we recently demonstrated that it attenuates alcohol-mediated behaviors in long-term drinking rats. The present Phase II exploratory human laboratory study investigated to our know...

To examine whether the cognitive deficit observed in chronic alcoholics is because of the chronic exposure to alcohol or to a factor that contributes to the chronic alcohol use, working memory was evaluated under a delayed matching-to-position task in rats selectively bred for ethanol preference or nonpreference (iP/iNP, iHAD1/iLAD1, and iHAD2/iLAD2). Before the study on working memory, rats we...

BACKGROUND Research has shown that heavy alcohol use has a detrimental effect on retrospective memory. Less is known about the effect of alcohol on everyday memory. METHODS This study examined self-ratings of two aspects of memory performance: prospective memory (for example, forgetting to pass on a message) and everyday memory (measured by cognitive failures, such as telling someone a joke t...

There are studies that present metabolic disorders in alcohol drinkers associated with thiamine deficiency. Therefore, the study, it was aimed to investigate effectiveness of rats binge drinking model. For this purpose, total 21 spraque dawley were divided into three equal groups as control, and thiamine+alcohol groups. The thiamine+ethanol group given at a daily dose 100 mg/kg by oral gavage, ...