objective:the present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities ofthe methanolic extract of piper betle leaves (mpbl). materials and methods: mpbl was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model. analgesic activity of mpbl was evaluated by hot plate, writhing, and formalin tests. total phenolic and fla...

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a neuropathy selectively involving small diameter myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers. Interest in this disorder has considerably increased during the past few years. It is often idiopathic and typically presents with peripheral pain and/or symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. Diagnosis is made on the basis of the clinical features, normal nerve conduction stu...

The purpose of this study cares to investigate effect of shoulder stabilization exercise at the pain control, function and range of motion of shoulder girdle after surgery of shoulder dislocation patients. They were assigned by random sampling to an experimental group to which stabilization exercise was applied and a control group to which ordinary physical treatment was applied. The results of...

BACKGROUND Flare up of acute lower back pain associated with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) may require various forms of treatment including activity restriction and bracing. Electrical twitch obtaining intramuscular stimulation (ETOIMS) is a promising new treatment. It involves the use of a strong monopolar electromyographic needle electrode for electrical stimulation of deep motor end plate z...

The action of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) at the neuromuscular junction has been extensively investigated and knowledge gained in this field laid the foundation for the use of BoNTs in human pathologies characterized by excessive muscle contractions. Although much more is known about the action of BoNTs on the peripheral system, growing evidence has demonstrated several effects also at the ce...

The influence of sex has been neglected in clinical studies on pain and analgesia, with the vast majority of research conducted exclusively in males. However, both preclinical and clinical studies indicate that males and females differ in both the anatomical and physiological composition of central nervous system circuits that are involved in pain processing and analgesia. These differences inf...

Children who develop behavioural problems are often living with severe emotional pain. Children can achieve personal growth, healing and alleviation of their emotional pain through treatment that allows the processing of traumatic events and experiences in a medium that is both natural and comfortable f ° r them. Play therapy and the therapeutic use of stories allow children to distance themsel...

UNLABELLED Theme: Parenting/parenthood. BACKGROUND Neonates are likely to experience numerous painful procedures in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Parents have expressed a wish to be more involved in their infants' pain alleviation. AIMS The aim of this study was to describe parents' suggestions for the development of neonatal pain management in hospital. METHODS Informants were p...