Based on molecular dating, the origin of insect agriculture is hypothesized to have taken place independently in three clades of fungus-farming insects: the termites, ants or ambrosia beetles during the Paleogene (66-24 Ma). Yet, definitive fossil evidence of fungus-growing behavior has been elusive, with no unequivocal records prior to the late Miocene (7-10 Ma). Here we report fossil evidence...

Precedent historic styles were analysed and recovered by historicist revisionism revivalism during the nineteenth century. The lack of a style its century lead to eclecticism, trend that involved merging diverse ornamental repertories. Accordingly, eclectic garden design employed different origins. As cities grew, suburban gardens integrated within urban sprawl. Monforte Gardens in Valencia rep...

Forest Hills Gardens, whose landscape features are described by Mr. Olmsted in the following article, is a business investment of the Russell Sage Foundation. The town is situated within the boundaries of New York City, and while not differing materially from other Long Island real estate enterprises, emphasizes English garden city features that are so often unknown in our American suburbs. Amp...

The management of vegetated areas by urban planners relies on detailed and updated knowledge of their nature and distribution. Manual photo-interpretation of aerial photographs is efficient, but is time consuming. Image segmentation and object-oriented classifications provide a tool to automatically delineate and label vegetation units. Object-oriented techniques were tested with a very high-re...

Iranian Islamic gardens like almost every cultures, represent beauty and happiness and improve the public perception. It has also special geometry with philosophical concept related to Islam’s doctrine that is the focus of this research. Following Quran’s contents, paradise is a beautiful sophisticated garden that something flows under its trees. So the comparison between the somatic geometry o...

raisins are one of the most important parts of agriculture products to export and malayer gardens are one of the most valuables lands to produce vitis vinifera for raisin industry in recent years. the region has some problems to mange water resources due to climate change effects and drought. understanding of hydrology balance and drought period is one of most tools to manage the water crisis i...

There are a large number of herbal gardens in India and most of them are not linked and classified the availability of medicinal plant species of these gardens. In this study, the hierarchical clustering technique of data mining was applied on the herbal gardens of India and classified in order to discover meaningful patterns such as what type of habit of medicinal plant species is present in w...

Fungus-gardening (attine) ants grow fungus for food in protected gardens, which contain beneficial, auxiliary microbes, but also microbes harmful to gardens. Among these potentially pathogenic microorganisms, the most consistently isolated are fungi in the genus Escovopsis, which are thought to co-evolve with ants and their cultivar in a tripartite model. To test clade-to-clade correspondence b...

This paper selectively reviews scientific research on the influences of gardens and plants in hospitals and other healthcare settings. The discussion concentrates mainly on health-related benefits that patients realize by simply looking at gardens and plants, or in other ways passively experiencing healthcare surroundings where plants are prominent. The review also briefly addresses other advan...

Increasing evidence highlights the role that botanic gardens might have in plant invasions across the globe. Botanic gardens, often in global biodiversity hotspots, have been implicated in the early cultivation and/or introduction of most environmental weeds listed by IUCN as among the worst invasive species worldwide. Furthermore, most of the popular ornamental species in living collections ar...