Monochamus saltuarius is a vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Japan, South Korea, and the middle temperate zone China. However, there are only few reports on this species China, its biological characteristics still unclear. In study, we aimed to elucidate larval development adult flight period M. provide theoretical basis for effective control pine wilt disease Seven morphological variable...

Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of maize (Zea mays L.) crops in Brazil. The effects of beta-cypermethrin, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, spinosad, etofenprox, triflumuron, alpha-cypermethrin/teflubenzuron, and lambda-cyhalothrin/thiamethoxam on Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) immature stages we...

The development of Ophiothrix fragilis was documented using light microscopy, and the allometry of larval growth was quantified. Larval development to the suspended juvenile stage took 21 days under conditions that were probably optimal compared to those in the plankton. Larval shape changed through development as the larval body and arms grew. Growth of the posterolateral larval arms was conti...

Several investigators have reported the occur rence of tumors in Drosophila (Burdette in D. melanogaster [4]; Makino in D. virUis [9]; Milani in D. simulans [10]; and BrnciÃ3and Koref in sev eral other species, [3]). In Drosophila melanogaster more than 24 different tumor strains are known, characterized by growths that first make their ap pearance during the larval stages, soon becoming encaps...

Cannibalism among size classes may reduce starvation and improve survival of larval tuna in oligotrophic ocean areas, but it may also be a substantial mortality component depending on the availability of alternative prey. Here, we combine laboratory and field data on tuna larvae with a model of larval foraging and bioenergetics to explore the role of cannibalism in cohort development at differe...

Spawning periodicity of the green mussel, P. viridis (Linn. 1758), from Moheshkhali channel Bay Bengal, Bangldesh was determined by ‘larval abundance’ method for a period one year November 1990 and October 1991. Higher larval abundance recorded during pre-monsoon (January to April) post-monsoon (September December) months. Two significant peaks in spawning were recorded- major peak September (p...

  Background: Maggot therapy has recently attracted considerable attention as an emerging debridement technique for wound healing. This study aimed to review the safety, effectiveness and economic evaluations of Maggot Debridement Therapy for wound healing.   Methods: To retrieve the relevant evidences, the Cochrane Library (until September 2014) was searched by appropriate ke...

Transgenic corn, Zea mays L., that expresses the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin Cry1Ab is only moderately toxic to Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and has been planted commercially since 1996. Growth and development of H. zea was monitored to determine potential changes in susceptibility to this toxin over time. Small plots of corn hybrids expressing Cry1F, Cry1F × Cry1Ab, Cry1Ab × Cry3Bb1, Cry1A.1...