Parliamentary scrutiny assumes a dual willingness—a willingness of government to be scrutinised and Parliament scrutinise, alongside singular capacity: the ability scrutinise. In official Westminster view these principles practicalities are aligned serve illuminate processes actions government. There is, however, also ‘dark side’: where not aligned. While an aversion parliamentary has been hard...

Abstract This paper explores and illustrates the diverse manifestations of phenomenon ‘humanitarian alibi’, drawing upon historical contemporary cases violent conflict in order to identify substitutionary phenomena by governments international actors. It affirms existence substitution process where humanitarian aid intervention substitutes for prevention resolution protection civilian populatio...