In this letter, we propose an adaptive transmission method for an OFDMA system supporting both band-AMC and diversity modes in a frame, simultaneously. In the proposed method, users are classified into the two groups preferring the band-AMC mode or the diversity mode based on their channel parameters. Then the BS performs resource allocation to maximize the throughput. It is observed that the p...

Pakistan is a high-burden country for tuberculosis (TB). The emergence and increasing incidence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB has been reported in Pakistan. Similarly, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB infections with fluoroquinolone resistance (pre-XDR) is also increasing. To treat these infections, local drug susceptibility patterns of alternate antituberculosis agents, includ...

BACKGROUND In special circumstances, establishing public private partnerships for malaria elimination may achieve targets faster than the state sector acting by itself. Following the end of the separatist war in Sri Lanka in 2009, the Anti Malaria Campaign (AMC) of Sri Lanka intensified malaria surveillance jointly with a private sector partner, Tropical and Environmental Diseases and Health As...

The Hawaiian Drosophilidae radiation is an ecologically and morphologically diverse clade of almost 700 described species. A phylogenetic approach is key to understanding the evolutionary forces that have given rise to this diverse lineage. Here we infer the phylogeny for the antopocerus, modified tarsus and ciliated tarsus (AMC) clade, a lineage comprising 16% (91 of 687 species) of the descri...

In eukaryotes, fertilization relies on complex and specialized mechanisms that achieve the precise delivery of the male gamete to the female gamete and their subsequent union [1-4]. In flowering plants, the haploid male gametophyte or pollen tube (PT) [5] carries two nonmotile sperm cells to the female gametophyte (FG) or embryo sac [6] during a long assisted journey through the maternal tissue...

OBJECTIVES Information on the effectiveness of interventions regarding control in closed institutional settings, including prisons, is limited. This study gathered evidence relating to influenza control in an Australian prison. STUDY DESIGN This study built on a 2009 H1N1 outbreak investigation at the Alexander Maconochie Centre (AMC) in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). METHODS Influ...

It has been known that adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) at the physical layer can be combined with a truncated automatic repeat request (ARQ) at the data link layer so as to maximize the spectral efficiency under prescribed delay and error performance constraint. In this paper, we consider the same joint design approach when incremental redundancy-based hybrid ARQ (IR-HARQ) is associated wi...

Much attention has been devoted in artificial intelligence to the verification of multi-agent systems and different logical formalisms have been proposed, such as Alternating Time Temporal Logic (ATL), Alternating μ-calculus (AMC), and Coalition Logic (CL). Recently, logics able to express bounds on resources have been introduced, such as RB-ATL and PRB-ATL, both of them based on ATL. The main ...

We develop the absorbing Markov chain (AMC) for describing in detail the network of paths through an industrial system taken by an embodied resource from extraction through intermediate products and finally consumer products. We refer to this as a resource-specific network. This work builds on a recent literature in industrial ecology that uses an AMC to quantify the number of times a resource ...