نتایج جستجو برای: ammonification
تعداد نتایج: 170 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Microbial communities in the rhizosphere make significant contributions to crop health and nutrient cycling. However, their ability to perform important biogeochemical processes remains uncharacterized. Here, we identified important functional genes that characterize the rhizosphere microbial community to understand metabolic capabilities in the maize rhizosphere using the GeoChip-based functio...
In many terrestrial ecosystems nitrogen (N) limits productivity and plant community composition is influenced by N availability. However, vegetation is not only controlled by N; plant species may influence ecosystem N dynamics through positive or negative effects on N cycling. We examined four potential mechanisms of plant species effects on nitrogen (N) cycling. We found no species differences...
Introduction Microorganisms regulate soil nitrogen (N) cycling in cropping systems. However, how microbial functional genes involved N respond to mulching practices is not well known. Methods We collected samples from a spring maize field mulched with crop straw (SM) and plastic film (FM) for 10-year no (CK) the Loess Plateau. Microbial were quantified using metagenomic sequencing. Results Comp...
Denitrifying woodchip bioreactors are potential low-cost technologies for the removal of nitrate (NO3−) in water through denitrification. However, if environmental conditions do not support microbial communities performing complete denitrification, other N transformation processes will occur, resulting export nitrite (NO2−), nitrous oxide (N2O), or ammonium (NH4+). To identify factors controlli...
The complete genomes of Thermus oshimai JL-2 and T. thermophilus JL-18 each consist of a circular chromosome, 2.07 Mb and 1.9 Mb, respectively, and two plasmids ranging from 0.27 Mb to 57.2 kb. Comparison of the T. thermophilus JL-18 chromosome with those from other strains of T. thermophilus revealed a high degree of synteny, whereas the megaplasmids from the same strains were highly plastic. ...
Soil microbes are highly diverse and control most soil biogeochemical reactions. We examined how microbial functional genes and biogeochemical pools responded to the altered chemical inputs accompanying land use change. We examined paired native grasslands and adjacent Eucalyptus plantations (previously grassland) in Uruguay, a region that lacked forests before European settlement. Along with m...
Nitrification, the microbial oxidation of ammonium (NH4 ), is one of the key nitrogen transformation processes. It is performed under oxic conditions by 2 groups of bacteria, one group that oxidizes ammonium to nitrite (NO2 ) and a second group that further oxidizes nitrite to nitrate (NO − 3 ). Nitrification links organic matter mineralization (ammonification) and nitrogen removal through deni...
During pasture grazing, freshly harvested herbage (litterfall) is dropped onto soils from the mouths of dairy cattle, potentially inducing nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. Although the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recommends accounting for NO emissions from arable crop residues in national inventories, emissions from the litterfall of grazed pasture systems are not recognized. ...
Turfs are widespread assemblages (consisting of microbes and algae) that inhabit reef systems. They are the most abundant benthic component in the Abrolhos reef system (Brazil), representing greater than half the coverage of the entire benthic community. Their presence is associated with a reduction in three-dimensional coral reef complexity and decreases the habitats available for reef biodive...
Induction, energy gain, effect on growth, and interaction of nitrate and nitrite reduction of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) USDA 3045 were characterized. Both nitrate and nitrite were reduced in air, although nitrite reduction was insensitive to ammonium inhibition. Anaerobic reduction of both ions was shown to be linked with energy conservation. A dissimilatory ammonification process was detect...
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