Terpyridine-functionalized Ti nanospike electrodes (TiNS-SiTpy) were developed and applied to cyclic voltammetry amperometry of Ln (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) ions mixed Eu (III) + in a 0.1 M NaClO4 electrolyte. Electrodeposition was successfully performed over TiNS-SiTpy electrodes, which fully examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction crystallography...

Forebrain dopamine release is under the local control of D2 family (D2 and D3) autoreceptors. In this study, autoreceptor-mediated modulation of forebrain dopamine release was investigated using amperometry in brain slices following local electrical stimulation. 350 microm-thick slices of nucleus accumbens or dorsolateral neostriatum were prepared from male Wistar rats (150-200 g) and superfuse...

We have used membrane capacitance measurements and carbon-fiber amperometry to assay exocytosis triggered by photorelease of caged Ca(2+) to directly measure the Ca(2+) sensitivity of exocytosis from the INS-1 insulin-secreting cell line. We find heterogeneity of the Ca(2+) sensitivity of release in that a small proportion of granules makes up a highly Ca(2+)-sensitive pool (HCSP), whereas the ...

After its release into the synaptic cleft, dopamine exerts its biological properties via its pre- and post-synaptic targets(1). The dopamine signal is terminated by diffusion(2-3), extracellular enzymes(4), and membrane transporters(5). The dopamine transporter, located in the peri-synaptic cleft of dopamine neurons clears the released amines through an inward dopamine flux (uptake). The dopami...

Background Our previous studies have indicated that ultrasound can stimulate the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells, providing a potential novel treatment for type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to explore the temporal dynamics and Ca2+-dependency of ultrasound-stimulated secretory events from dopamine-loaded pancreatic beta cells in an in vitro setup. Methods Carbon fib...

nickel can also be determined using a copper anode. Conditions are similar to those for nickel except that the applied potentials must be 200 mV more positive than for nickel. The anodic reaction rate constants with copper are typically somewhat greater than with nickel, however the applied potential results in increased background noise so that copper offers no signal-to-noise advantage over n...