Cerebellar manipulations have been used successfully in some intractable epileptic patients, however, their intrinsic mechanisms are not fully understood. To further clarify the cerebellar participation in epilepsy, we stimulated 10 rats with 100 Hz, 20 microA at the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) during amygdaloid kindling. Results were compared to 10 rats with an electrode placed at the S...

SIB 1893 (a non-competitive antagonist of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors), given at 40 mg/kg (but not at 20-30 mg/kg), shortened the afterdischarge duration in amygdala-kindled rats, being ineffective on other seizure parameters - seizure severity, seizure duration, and afterdischarge threshold. Oxcarbazepine (at 7.5 mg/kg, but not at 5 mg/kg), a newer antiepileptic drug, reduced seiz...

The authors showed that conditional effects of the stimulation environment modulate both the ictal and interictal behaviors of rats subjected to amygdala kindling. Rats received 53 stimulations to the left basolateral amygdala in 1 conditional stimulus (CS) context (CS+) and 53 sham stimulations (the stimulation lead was attached but no current was delivered) in another context (CS-), quasirand...

Using wavelet analysis we have detected the presence of chirps in seizure EEG signals recorded from kindled epileptic rats. Seizures were induced by electrical stimulation of the amygdala and the EEG signals recorded from the amygdala were analyzed using a continuous wavelet transform. A time–frequency representation of the wavelet power spectrum revealed that during seizure the EEG signal is c...

Nineteen patients were analyzed who exhibited cognitive-dysmnesic psychic partial seizures and structural damage shown by means of CT scans. It was observed that these seizures originated in the amygdala-hippocampal system, coinciding with the effects found when using electrical stimulation of the brain. An attempt is made to relate these findings to the present biochemical hypotheses of schizo...

Rats received 30 stimulations and 30 sham stimulations (the lead was attached to the subjects but no current was delivered) to the left basolateral amygdala in a quasirandom sequence. Stimulations were preceded by the presentation of 1 flavored solution conditional stimulus (CS+); sham stimulations were preceded by the presentation of another flavored solution, CS-. As kindled motor seizures de...

Recent studies have revealed that mossy fiber axons of granule cells in the dentate gyrus undergo reorganization of their terminal projections in both animal models of epilepsy and human epilepsy. This synaptic reorganization has been demonstrated by the Timm method, a histochemical technique that selectively labels synaptic terminals of mossy fibers because of their high zinc content. It has b...

Background: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4-HBA), one of the major active phenolic constituents of Gastrodia elata Blume, has been shown to be a neuroprotective agent. Previous studies have demonstrated the anticonvulsive effect of Gastrodia elata, while no studies have investigated the antiepileptogenic effect of 4-HBA. Methods: We examined the effect of 4-HBA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg i.p.)...

pilepsy is a group of heterogeneous neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures and is one of the most common that affects 1% of the E Background & Objective: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which patients experience spontaneous recurrent seizures. Although the most commonly recommended therapy is drug treatment, some patients do not achieve adequat...