WHAT IS KNOWN AND BACKGROUND Although paracetamol (acetaminophen), N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide, is one of the world's most widely used analgesics, the mechanism by which it produces its analgesic effect is largely unknown. This lack is relevant because: (i) optimal pain treatment matches the analgesic mechanism to the (patho)physiology of the pain and (ii) modern drug discovery relies on an ap...

Objective To summarise the evidence for use of intravenous magnesium for analgesic effect in caesarean section patients. Background Postcaesarean pain requires effective analgesia. Magnesium, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist and calcium-channel blocker, has previously been investigated for its analgesic properties. Methods A systematic search was conducted of PubMed, Scopus, MEDL...

BACKGROUND Postoperative pain management in children is often empirical rather than evidence based. Morphine is the pharmacological treatment most widely used and although considered safe for children, adequate scientific data on morphine's pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety are lacking. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available literature examining different pediatric morphine ...

OBJECTIVES It is well known that sex differences in analgesic prescription are not merely the logical result of greater prevalence of pain in women, since this therapeutic variability is related to factors such as educational level or social class. This study aims to analyse the relationship between analgesic prescription and gender development in different regions of Spain. METHODS Cross-sec...

BACKGROUND Arthroscopic intervention is very common for conducting orthopedic surgeries. After a knee arthroscopic surgery, different drugs are used through intra-articular administration to induce analgesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate analgesic effects of Bupivacaine (marcaine), Bupivacaine plus midazolam, and Bupivacaine plus fentanyl in reducing pain after knee arthroscopic surger...

The analgesic effect of 5fluorouracil (5-FU) was analyzed in two experimental tests in mice. Two analgesia test, writhing test and hot plate test have been performed in swiss albino mice. The tested substance used was 5-Fluorouracil, i.p. administered in doses of 10 (Lethal Dose 50/10) and 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) (Lethal dose 50/5), 1 hour before tests. In the writhing test, 5-FU has signifi ...

BACKGROUND Metoclopramide is a centrally acting antiemetic and ketamine is a general anesthetic used with sedatives, tranquilizers and analgesics. Metoclopramide has analgesic effects and its combination with ketamine causes sedation and hypnosis. The contribution of metoclopramide to the analgesic effect of ketamine is not known. The purpose of the present study was to explore the analgesic ef...

INTRODUCTION Balanced analgesia, using both opioid and nonopioids agents, has become the standard care for postoperative pain management. Ketamine, a compound with analgesic and antihyperalgesic properties, has been shown to decrease postoperative pain and opioid requirements in adults. The goal of the present meta-analysis was to investigate postoperative analgesic properties of ketamine in pe...

Chronic migraine affects 2 % of the population and has substantial impact on quality of life and considerable burden on healthcare resources. 50-80 % patients with chronic migraine have excessive consumption of analgesic medications. Withdrawal of analgesics is often advised before commencing preventive treatments. However, some headache experts recommend preventive treatments alongside analges...

The alcoholic extract of Achyranthes bidentata (AAB) has been studied for analgesic, anticonvulsant and CNS depressant activities in animal models. Analgesic activity was studied using acetic acid-induced writing test for assessing peripheral analgesic effect and tail immersion test for central analgesic effect. Anticonvulsant activity was performed by maximal electroshock induced convulsions; ...