We read with great interest a report by Gallo et al. [1] on a very rare coronary artery anatomy. In a classification of single coronary artery (SCA) by Lipton et al. [2] with modifications by Yamanaka and Hobbs [3], this case refers to the R-IIIC type of SCA. Indeed, there is little discrepancy between terminology and anatomy in this type of SCA, which is very apparent in the present case. Acco...

Investigations of the last decade have led to a considerable change of certain concepts regarding coronary heart disease. This change has come in waves from many directions but particularly from the surgical laboratories. In the quest for new frontiers in the exciting developments of cardiac surgery during this period, contributions in physiology and pathology have been keeping pace with surgic...

the detailed anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular bundle (avb) was studied in 10 adult cats (5 males and 5 females). the trunk of the atrioventricular bundle was a direct continuation of the atrioventricular node (avn) with no sharp line of demarcation between node and the bundle. the avb of the male cats measured 6.24 mm in length, 0.27 mm in width and 0.65 mm in thickness, while in t...

Dual left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) is a rare congenital anomaly. We report a patient presenting with chest tightness, who was subsequently found to have this coronary anomaly via Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). He underwent staged percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of the totally occluded long LAD and its diagonal branch (DB) successfully through the radial rou...

Coronary anatomy as it relates to left ventricular function was assessed prospectively in patients who survived acute myocardial infarction. The study population included 259 consecutive male patients age 60 years or younger who underwent catheterization 30 days after the acute event. Coronary artery obstructive lesions (greater than 50% reduction in luminal diameter) were found in 241 patients...

Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most frequent forms of knee trauma. The traditional surgical treatment for ACL rupture is single-bundle reconstruction. However, during the past few years there has been a shift in interest toward double-bundle reconstruction to closely restore the native ACL anatomy. This paper evaluates the basis for double-bundle ACL reconstructio...

Background: The radial artery (RA) is a continuation of the brachial and one major blood supplying vessels to structures forearm. It originated in cubital fossa at level neck radius. runs on lateral aspect forearm before it reaches wrist branches out supply hand. RA also important clinically due its location wrist, as can be felt pulse used determine heart rate. choice for coronary angiography,...

conclusions this case indicates that delineation of coronary artery anatomy in atypical congenital giant right atrial aneurysm is of vital importance. closure of the aneurysmal sac, instead of aneurysmal resection, is a safer and more simple approach in atypical cases. case presentation this is a report on a 3.5-month-old male infant with imperforated anus and an unusual-shaped congenital giant...

With the increasing popularity of the Jatene procedure for the treatment of common or D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), the preoperative definition of coronary artery anatomy in D-TGA has assumed great importance. Consequently, the reliability of two-dimensional echocardiography for determining the coronary artery anatomy was studied in 32 infants with D-TGA. Surgical observation o...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic occlusion of a coronary vessel is the commonest cause of ischaemic heart disease. The distribution of atherosclerotic lesions is not random,with stenoses preferentially situated at branch ostia, bifurcation points, and the proximal segments of daughter vessels. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the intrinsic anatomical properties of the left main co...