INTRODUCTION: The use of the anterior cervical plates has improved the postoperative fusion rates following multiple level cases. There are a number of plates available today and each plate addresses a different design philosophy. Fixed angle plates maintain a constant angle between the screw and the plate and have been implicated in stress shielding of the interbody graft resulting in pseudoar...

In the current paper, the effect of length and angle of a splitter plate on hydro-thermal field in a range of Reynolds number from 40 to 1000 are numerically studied by solving the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. For discretization of governing equations, PISO algorithm was imposed to segregate the pressure-velocity coupled equations, and second-order upwind discretization scheme was a...

BACKGROUND Previous studies found that the facet joint of the C1 vertebra were removed (C1 facetectomy) before extirpation from the extramedullary tumor in craniocervical junction, leading to postoperative upper cervical instability or deformity. Occipito-cervical fusion (OCF) is a demanding and morbid surgical procedure, which can be used in such patients. This study is to analyze the clinical...

PURPOSE Many studies have indicated that cervicogenic headache may originate from the cervical structures innervated by the upper cervical spinal nerves. To date, no study has investigated whether narrowing of the craniovertebral angle (CVA) or cervicomedullary angle (CMA) affects the three upper cervical spinal nerves. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CVA and/or CMA narro...

statement of problem: the connector area is the weakest zone of an all-ceramic fixed partial denture (fpd), where most catastrophic failures of the prostheses tend to occur. purpose: the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the convergence angle of abutments on the fracture resistance of three-unit fixed partial dentures made of ips-empress2. materials and methods: forty extract...

in this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in xu7/l3 engine. in this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation gt-power software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

Study Design Retrospective study. Objective Cervical scoliosis is a rare condition that can arise from various etiologies. Few reports on the surgical management of cervical scoliosis exist. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes following surgical management of cervical scoliosis. Methods We evaluated our cervical spine surgical database for patients with cervical sco...