Three experiments explored the impact of different reinforcer rates for alternative behavior (DRA) on the suppression and post-DRA relapse of target behavior, and the persistence of alternative behavior. All experiments arranged baseline, intervention with extinction of target behavior concurrently with DRA, and post-treatment tests of resurgence or reinstatement, in two- or three-component mul...

ι Dra (HIP 75458) is a well-known example for a K giant hosting a substellar companion since its discovery by Frink et al. (2002). We present radial velocity measurements of this star from observations taken with three different instruments spanning nearly 8 years. They show more clearly that the RV period is long-lived and coherent thus supporting the companion hypothesis. The longer time base...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of weekly sampling of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) denominator data to estimate central line-days (CLDs). DESIGN Obtained CLABSI denominator logs showing daily counts of patient-days and CLD for 6-12 consecutive months from participants and CLABSI numerators and facility and location characteristics from the National Healthcare Safe...

We have detected 18 sources over 6 σ threshold within two regions 8 ′ .3×16 ′ .9 and 8 ′ .3×33 ′ .6 in the vicinity of the point with α=03 h 31 m 02 s .45 (J2000) and δ=+43 • 47 ′ 58 ′′ .5 (J2000) using a CHAN DRA ACIS (S+I) observation. Two of the sources were detected before with ROSAT HRI and one source could be closely identified with a star in the optical catalog, USNO A-2. We have also st...

A symmetrical cyanine dye chromophore is modified with different counteranions to study the effect on crystal packing, polarizability, thermal stability, optical properties, light absorbing layer morphology, and organic photovoltaic (OPV) device parameters. Four sulfonate-based anions and the bulky bistriflylimide anion are introduced to the 2-[5-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)...

Surfactant-Modified MFI-Zeolite Nanosheets (SMZN) were used for the first time as anion-exchangers, in the case of nitrate ion removal. The SMZN material is characterized by high anionic exchange capacity and removal efficiency compared to classical SMZ prepared from clinoptilolite. The SMZN material is easily regenerated and could be probably employed to remove other anionic pollutants.

Nitrate is an anion of major importance particularly in biological areas. Excessive amounts in water supplies indicate pollution from sewage or agricultural effluents. The effects of excessive quantities of nitrate in water are well known. In this research structural modification of natural clinoptilolite by isomorphic substitution was performed. Isomorphously substituted zeolite was prepar...

Hierdie artikel handel oor ’n studie van die siekte-gedrag van Blanke persone in die Durban area. Dit blyk dat siekte, waar dit verwys na die ervaring van simptome, meer voorkom as wat algemeen geglo word. Persone konsulteer ’n gesondheidswerker slegs vir 'n klein persentasie van hul simptome en verskil ook in hul interpretasie van, en derhalwe reaksie op, simptome. Siektegedrag word verder bei...

Erythrocytes are very susceptible to oxidative stress, having a high content of intracellular oxygen and hemoglobin. In the present study, exposure to oxidative stress resulted in a significant impairment of erythrocyte membrane functions, such as deformability and anion exchange. Band 3 protein, also known as anion exchanger-1, plays an important role in these two functions. We show that oxida...

A procedure to determine the exchanger-phase composition (and thus the Na/Ca selectivity) of calcareous and gypsiferous soils was developed and tested on three soils and three phyllosilicate minerals. The procedure corrects for anion exclusion and mineral weathering by measuring the Cl, SO,,, and HCO3 in the soil solution and in the extracting solution. Anion exclusion was found to be significa...