We investigate the effects of thermal treatments in vacuum or air on amorphous Ta2O5 deposited crystalline Si by Ion Beam Sputtering, mimicking coatings mirrors gravitational-wave revealers Advanced Virgo and LIGO detectors. Argon is present whole thickness coating, likely introduced during synthesis, it can be released above 200°C vacuum, while less discharge Ar detected heating air. Formation...

Few transmission electron microscopy !TEM" studies of single crystal diamond have been reported, most likely due to the time and difficulty involved in sample preparation. A method is described for creating a TEM cross section of single crystal diamond using a focused ion beam and in situ lift-out. The method results in samples approximately 10 !m long by 3 !m deep with an average thickness of ...

in the present work, deoxidation and refining of 316lvm steel (low carbon vacuum melted) during the vacuum induction melting process was studied. this grade of stainless steel is one of the most important materials in medical applications. vacuum deoxidation by carbon is the first stage of 316lvm stainless steel production process. in this stage, aluminum must be absent to avoid killing the c-o...