Introduction Conclusions References

Satellite data and models suggest that oceanic productivity is reduced in response to less nutrient supply under warming. In contrast, anthropogenic aerosols provide nutrients and exert a fertilizing effect, but its contribution to evolution of oceanic productivity is unknown. We simulate the response of oceanic biogeochemistry to anthropogenic aerosols deposition under varying climate from 185...

Anthropogenic climate change has the potential to alter many facets of Earth's freshwater resources, especially lacustrine ecosystems. The effects of anthropogenic changes in Lake Superior, which is Earth's largest freshwater lake by area, are not well documented (spatially or temporally) and predicted future states in response to climate change vary. Here we show that Lake Superior experienced...

Anthropogenic emissions completely overwhelmed natural marine lead (Pb) sources during the past century, predominantly due to leaded petrol usage. Here, based on Pb isotope measurements, we reassess the importance of natural and anthropogenic Pb sources to the tropical North Atlantic following the nearly complete global cessation of leaded petrol use. Significant proportions of up to 30-50% of ...

In the years after Edward O. Wilson and Robert MacArthur’s seminal book, The Theory of Island Biogeography (1), which laid the foundations for understanding species diversity and extinction rates in isolated habitats, was published in 1967, a flurry of papers erupted on the effect of fragmentation in tropical rainforests. The big question at that time was whether it would be more advisable to p...

measurements of pb, cu, zn, as, ni, hg, and fe heavy metals and major elements and components such as ca, hco3, so4, na, k, mg and cl in soluble rain fractions were performed on rainwater collected at arak plain during the rainy seasons of 2012. concentrations of the heavy metals in the soluble fractions decreased for fe, pb, zn, ni, cu, as and hg, respectively and the major elements and compon...

Detection and attribution of a human influence on climate, or some aspect of climate such as hurricane frequency, involves detection of an unusual change (outside the range of internal climate variability) in the data, and then attribution of the change to a specific anthropogenic influence, such as increasing greenhouse gas concentrations or anthropogenic aerosols. Attribution as used here mea...

Although this report is intended to be a comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic77 sources and sinks of greenhouse gas emissions for the United States, certain sources have been identified yet excluded from the estimates presented for various reasons. Before discussing these sources, however, it is important to note that processes or activities that are not anthropogenic in origin or do not r...