Antibiotic prophylaxis administered perioperatively has been shown to decrease the risk for the core measure of post-operative surgical site infection, but specifics of use vary widely among different surgical specialties. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the current literature to determine the optimal duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in the field of plastic surgery. A systemati...

OBJECTIVE To compare the abortion rate and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) after amniocentesis in women who have undergone antibiotic prophylaxis with uterine fibroids and control. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study using the Antibiotic Prophylaxis before Second-Trimester Genetic Amniocentesis trial database carried out between January 1999 and December 2005 at the Artemisia Feta...

UNLABELLED Statement of Problem : Dental procedures leading to oral tissue injuries may provoke bacterial release to the blood stream causing infective endocarditis (IE) in vulnerable patients. The guideline which was proposed by AHA has been updated 9 times having the last update published in 2007. This study was endeavored to uncover the level of knowledge of general dental practitioners in S...

BACKGROUND Numerous techniques are used to prevent infection after immediate implant-based breast reconstruction. Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly prescribed to decrease the risk of reconstructive failure, despite conflicting evidence regarding its effectiveness. The authors studied whether postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis decreases the risk of infection-related explantation...

in orthopaedic practice. In this issue, Jettoo et al.1 investigated issues related to (1) single versus multiple doses of antibiotic prophylaxis, (2) adverse effects of multiple dosing, and (3) choice of an appropriate antibiotic. In an attempt to address the concomitant problems of cefuroxime-resistant pathogens and Clostridium difficile infections, the authors’ hospital changed the antibiotic...

The American Heart Association (AHA) has provided new guidelines for infective endocarditis prophylaxis in dentistry. In this paper, written for dentists, major changes in the updated recommendations which dentists should be aware have been discussed. These recommendations address the impact of oral hygiene and type of dental procedures on high-risk patients, risk of adverse reactions of antibi...

More than 1 million inguinal hernia repairs are performed in Europe and the US annually. Although antibiotic prophylaxis is not required in clean, elective procedures, the routine use of implants (90% of inguinal hernia repairs are performed with mesh) makes the topic controversial. The European Hernia Society does not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for elective inguinal hernia repair...

Usually dentists in Australia give patients oral antibiotics after dentoalveolar surgery as a prophylaxis against wound infection. When this practice is compared to the principle of antibiotic prophylaxis in major surgery it is found to be at variance in a number of ways. In major surgery, the risk of infection should be high, and the consequences of infection severe or catastrophic, before ant...

Prevention of inhalational anthrax after Bacillus anthracis spore exposure requires a prolonged course of antibiotic prophylaxis. In response to the 2001 anthrax attack in the United States, approximately 10,000 people were offered 60 days of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent inhalational anthrax, but adherence to this regimen was poor. We sought to determine whether a short course of antibioti...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used in head and neck surgery. Prophylactic use of antibiotics in clean surgical cases is not clearly indicated, but evidence exists for use in cases of clean-contaminated surgery, such as major head and neck oncologic procedures. Despite evidence specifically outlining the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, there continues to be widespread var...