Biosensors are analytical devices being approachable for multiple analytes assay. Here, biosensors with intercepted acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are presented as tool for assay of anticholinergic compounds such as pesticides, nerve agents and some natural toxins. Principle of assay is based on evaluation of cholinesterase activity and its pertinent decrease in pre...

The military incapacitating agent BZ (3-quinuclidinyl benzilate) is an anticholinergic compound that acts at both, the peripheral and central nervous system. Effects of the agent were discovered during the Cold War and BZ became one of the most potent anticholinergic psychomimetics, characterized by low effective doses causing long-term incapacitation. History, characteristics and potential use...

Introduction: Rapid treatment of patients with anticholinergic toxicity in the Ernergcncy Department (ED) has remained problematic for many years. These patients are often agitated. uncooperative, and unable to provide a clear history. Physostigmine is a specific antidote for anticholinergic toxicity. yet its popularity has waned due to controversy surrounding its potential central nervo~is sys...

carum carvi (cc) is a grassy plant which is believed to have several therapeutic effects, including anti-asthmatic properties. we have therefore studied the bronchodilatory and anticholinergic effects of this plant. the bronchodilatory effects of the aqueous extract (ae), macerated extract (me), essential oil (eo), and 4µm theophylline (t) in comparison with saline (s) were examined by their re...

central anticholinergic syndrome (cas) following general anesthesia (ga) is a well known syndrome in children and adults. many cases of cas have been previously reported in the literature. however, there are only two reports of post resuscitation cas after administration of small doses of atropine. hereby, we report a case of cas in a child undergoing complete dental restoration under ga after ...

Study selection Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials in adults with symptomatic diagnosis of overactive bladder syndrome, urodynamic diagnosis of detrusor overactivity, or both, that compared an anticholinergic drug (given to decrease symptoms of overactive bladder) with placebo or no treatment. Studies of darifenacin, emepronium bromide or carrageenate, dicyclomine chloride, oxybut...

poisoning remains a major cause of hospital admission into the emergency department and intensive care unit. proper diagnosis is the cornerstone for optimal management of poisoned patients. since the definitive analytical confirmation of the nature of the toxicant involved in the poisoning cannot be rapidly obtained in the majority of healthcare facilities, diagnosis relies on the medical histo...

We report two cases of unintentional poisoning with anticholinergic agents. The first patient, a 7-year-old girl, was prescribed four different medications by a general practitioner for treatment of abdominal colic and diarrhoea. All drugs had anticholinergic properties. The second patient, a 16-month-old boy, ingested his mother's cyproheptadine tablets. Both children presented with central an...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the hypothesis that GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH1) mutations are responsible for the phenotype of highly anticholinergic responsive dystonia in patients with apparent primary torsion dystonia. METHODS From 107 British patients with clinically diagnosed primary torsion dystonia, seven patients were identified with an excellent response to anticholinergic drugs. All six e...