Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-lymphotropic I (HTLV-I) are two retroviruses that have a similar fashion of transmission via sharp objects contaminated by viruses, transplant surgery, transfusion, sexual relations. Simultaneous infections with HTLV-I HIV-1 usually occur in areas where both viruses become endemic. CD4+T cells the main targets HTLV-I, while can infect macr...

Serological survey for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was performed in Shimane Prefecture, Japan, located on the coast of Japan sea. The rates of anti-adult T-cell leukemia-associated antigen-positive sera were 4.2% and 6.9% respectively for males and females. The rate increased with age, particularly in females. From the geographical point of view, the Oki Islands and a very small ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE T-lymphocytic alveolitis and increased levels of interleukin-2 receptor-alpha (CD25)-bearing T cells in the BAL fluid (BALF) of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers have been reported. Several chemokines and adhesion molecules may contribute to the accumulation of T lymphocytes in the lungs of HTLV-1 carriers. To clarify the correlation between adhesion molec...

EM2487, a Streptomyces-derived substance, has previously been shown to inhibit HIV-1 replication in both acutely and chronically infected cells. In this study, we found that EM2487 was also a selective inhibitor of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) replication in persistently infected cells. Its 50% effective concentrations for HTLV-I p19 antigen production were 3.6 and 1.2 microM in M...

The lifelong infection with the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has been associated a variety of clinical manifestations; one less-explored is HTLV-1-associated pulmonary disease. Imaging lung damage caused by HTLV-1 hyperinflammatory cascade can be similar to sequelae from TB infection. Our study aims describe lesions HTLV-1-positive patients without past or current active and evalu...

BACKGROUND Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is linked to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM; also known as tropical spastic paraparesis [TSP]), a chronic neurodegenerative disorder. Worldwide, several million HTLV-I carriers are at risk for disease, with an estimated lifetime cumulative risk of 1%-5%. However, the determinants of disease pr...

Natural killer (NK) cells are CD3- large granular lymphocytes (LGL) responsible for immunity against viral infections. A chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells has been described in which the expanded NK cells display a restricted phenotype and cytotoxic activity. These data raise the hypothesis that proliferating LGL in these patients result from discrete expansions of NK cells respo...

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor/Tac antigen is abnormally expressed on cells of patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) caused by infection with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Twenty-five patients with ATL were examined to determine whether their leukemic cells continued to show IL-2-dependent proliferation. In 21 patients, the in vitro proliferation of HTLV-I-infected nonleukemic ...

We developed an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system to detect antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). This system uses chemically synthesized oligopeptides to capture anti-HTLV-I antibodies in serum. The two epitopes of HTLV-I proteins exhibiting the most specific antigen-antibody reaction reside within amino acids 100-130 of p19, a core protein encoded by gag, and amino acids 175...

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) induces an exacerbated type 1 immune response characterized by high spontaneous IFN-γ and TNF-α production. Allergic rhinitis and asthma are associated with the type 2 immune response, with elevated secretion of IL-4 and IL-5. The aim of this study was to characterize the immune response in atopic HTLV-1 carriers. The cytokine profile of atopic HT...