The paper examines the consolidation and implications of tribalism ethnophobia among black South Africans. Africa is considered a xenophobic country. With demise apartheid subsequent increase in undocumented migration, tensions began to develop, not only against foreign nationals but also Africans themselves. This focuses on how have divided removed need for unity social cohesion post-apartheid...

The genetic surveys of the population of Britain conducted by Weale et al. and Capelli et al. produced estimates of the Germani immigration into Britain during the early Anglo-Saxon period, c.430-c.730. These estimates are considerably higher than the estimates of archaeologists. A possible explanation suggests that an apartheid-like social system existed in the early Anglo-Saxon kingdoms resul...

ith the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) opening in Johannesburg, this series of five booklets gives an environmental justice perspective on key challenges for sustainable development in South Africa. Development largely defines people's relationship with their environments. Governance is about who decides that relationship. It is a means through which a global contest for control...

Water is an essential necessity for human beings; however, South Africa has a long history of inequalities dating back to apartheid politics and legislation which denied access water disadvantaged black populations mostly residing in rural areas. Although officially ended, whether the lack by such who still cannot afford it exists aligns with international rights principles equality non-discrim...

BACKGROUND Access to health care is a particular concern given the important role of poor access in perpetuating poverty and inequality. South Africa's apartheid history leaves large racial disparities in access despite post-apartheid health policy to increase the number of health facilities, even in remote rural areas. However, even when health services are provided free of charge, monetary an...

How is it possible for song and dance to exist in political incarceration and manifest itself later as public policy responding to apartheid atrocities? Examining the body of songs, oral history accounts, and eye-witness reports provided by fellow-prisoners of Mandela on Robben Island prison, I uncover a psychological environment mediated through music and dance--within the confines of a politi...