Five experiments were conducted to investigate the ability of different phytase products to improve P digestibility in finishing pigs. A corn-soybean meal basal diet containing 0.50% Ca, 0.32% P, and 0.40% Cr(2)O(3) was used to calculate apparent P and GE digestibility. Pigs were individually penned and fed their respective diet for ad libitum intake for 12 d before fecal sampling on d 13 and 1...

Costs of compounded diets containing fish meal as a primary protein source can be expected to rise as fish meal prices increase in response to static supply and growing demand. Alternatives to fish meal are needed to reduce production costs in many aquaculture enterprises. Some plant proteins are potential replacements for fish meal because of their amino acid composition, lower cost and wide a...

Inorganic P is often added to growing horse diets because organic P, or phytate-P, is believed to have lower digestibility. If horses can efficiently digest organic P, then the need for inorganic P may be reduced. Much of the P in grain-based concentrates fed to growing horses is in the form of phytate-P. Little is known about the ability of growing horses to degrade phytate-P or whether horse ...

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, nitrogen-free extract, and energy in selected carbohydrate sources including wheat flour (WF), α-potato starch (PS), α-corn starch (CS), Na alginate (AL), dextrin (DEX), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were determined for olive flounder. The olive flounder averaging 150 ± 8.0 g were held in 300-L tanks at a ...

A series of experiments was designed to evaluate inert markers employed in studies of ileal and faecal apparent digestibilities of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs fitted with simple 'T' piece cannulas. Trial 1 assessed the palatability of diets containing (a) 5 g chromic oxide/kg, (b) 1 and (c) 5 g titanium dioxide/kg at two levels of feeding. The results indicated that there were slight probl...

This study was conducted with broilers to evaluate the effects of growth-promoting antibiotic (flavomycin) and probiotic (7 bacterial species) supplementation in diets containing soybean oil or free fatty acids (FFA) on performance, morphological parameters of the small intestine, apparent digestibility of gross energy (GE) in the ileum, and apparent digestibility of fat in the ileum and total ...

Two trials were conducted to determine the adequacy of ADIN as an indicator of N digestibility. In Trial 1, eight nonforage plant protein sources were heated at 150 degrees C for 90 min in the presence of xylose (12.8% of CP, DM basis) to produce heat damage. Thirty-four wethers (average BW 40 kg +/- 9.9) were used to determine the effect of heat on N digestibility. Differences in ADIN were evi...

One approach to improving efficiency of protein and nitrogen use for optimal productivity in dairy heifers is to provide adequate levels of protein with differing rumen degradabilities. The objective of this experiment was to determine effects of manipulating RDP in diets of dairy heifers precision fed low- and high-quality forage. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein heifers (448 ± 19 kg BW) were r...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of citrus limon essential oil on nutrient digestibility, blood and ruminal metabolites in male holstein calves. this study were conducted using four male holstein calves, each fitted with a permanent rumen cannula (average body weight 650±20 kg) that received experimental diets including control with 600, 800 and 1000 mg/d le...