The effects of magnetic treatment on irrigation water have been studied. We showed that the main effects were the increase of the number of crystallization centers and the change of the free gas content. Both effects improve the quality of irrigation water. As an example, changes in natural water due to magnetic treatment in a commercially available apparatus, Magnalawn 2000, have been studied....

Abstract: This paper introduces negative application conditions for reconfigurable place/transition nets. These are Petri nets together with a set of rules that allow changing the net and its marking dynamically. Negative application conditions are a control structure that prohibits the application of a rule if certain structures are already existent. We motivate the use of negative application...

Given a transition system and a partial order on its states, the coverability problem is the question to decide whether a state can be reached that is larger than some given state. For graphs, a typical such partial order is the minor ordering, which allows to specify “bad graphs” as those graphs having a given graph as a minor. Well-structuredness of the transition system enables a finite repr...

While the energy bands of solids are often thought of as continuous functions of the wavevector, k, they are in fact discrete functions, due to the periodic boundary conditions applied over a finite number of primitive cells. The traditional approach enforces periodicity over a volume containingNi primitive unit cells along the direction of the primitive lattice vector ai . While this method yi...

We present Local Church-Rosser, Parallelism, and Concurrency Theorems for rules with nested application conditions in the framework of weak adhesive HLR categories including different kinds of graphs. The proofs of the statements are based on the corresponding statements for rules without application conditions and two Shift-Lemmas, saying that nested application conditions can be shifted over ...

Local confluence is an important property in many rewriting and transformation systems. The notion of critical pairs is central for being able to verify local confluence of rewriting systems in a static way. Critical pairs are defined already in the framework of graphs and adhesive rewriting systems. These systems may hold rules with or without negative application conditions. In this paper how...

This paper presents generalized application conditions (GACs), a new formalism for nested application conditions. GACs are not only suitable for DPO rewriting, but for rewriting in reactive systems as well. The main theorem states that it is possible to construct an equivalent reactive system rule with a GAC for a DPO rule with application conditions under very mild conditions. The resulting re...

In recent years there have been several approaches for the automatic derivation of labels from an unlabeled reactive system. This can be done in such a way that the resulting bisimilarity is automatically a congruence. One important aspect that has not been studied so far is the treatment of reduction rules with negative application conditions. That is, a rule may only be applied if certain pat...

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a convenient, non-invasive method for the assessment of active, mainly Th2-driven, airway inflammation, which is sensitive to treatment with standard anti-inflammatory therapy. Consequently, FeNO serves as a valued tool to aid diagnosis and monitoring in several asthma phenotypes. More recently, FeNO has been evaluated in several other respiratory, infe...