background: echocardiography is the most common test used for the evaluation of aortic regurgitation (ar). however, the role of echocardiography as an available and inexpensive method in the quantification of ar by the left ventricle to right ventricle stroke volume ratio (lv/rv sv ratio) has not been completely investigated. methods: between june 2005 and december 2007, 132 consecutive patient...

The area and volume of the air cell system of fifty normal temporal bones were investigated. The area on a plain X-ray, Sonnenkalb projection, was measured by a planimetric method and a rectangular dimensional method by Imai in 1978. The volumes of the temporal bone air cells on high-resolution CT were calculated separately as partial volumes divided in all CT planes. The sum of the partial vol...

The effect of protein binding on drug penetration into blister fluid was evaluated by using cefonicid, ceftizoxime, and cefotaxime. Drug concentrations in a chamber with a high surface area/volume ratio (i.e., paper disk) follow changes in serum more closely than do those in a chamber with a low surface area/volume ratio. Both the area under the concentration-time curve ratio and the concentrat...

One way to increase the heat transfer is to use perforated twisted tapes with different hole diameters, which largely improve heat transfer with an increase in the heat transfer area at the constant volume and more mixed flow. In the previous studies, the effect of nanofluids with perforated twisted tapes is less studied. In this work, the performance of water / iron oxide nanofluid in a double...

compared to other methods of vaccine production, (e.g. culture flask and bioreactor system), the roller culture method for producing rabies vaccine is simpler, and the equipment easier to install and maintain, and also in the event of contamination of one roller, the entire batch need not be discarded. this system provides a much larger surface area than the culture flask, and also ensures a mu...

objective: in the present study, we examined the effects of memantine administration within the nucleus accumbens on the alterations in brain and adrenal volumes and weight ratios induced by stress from electric foot shock. methods: a group of mice received various doses of memantine (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) prior to induction of stress. another group underwent intra-accumbal cannulation after an...