Climate change will result in increased precipitation variability with more extreme events reflected in more frequent droughts as well as more frequent extremely wet conditions. The increase in precipitation variability will occur at different temporal scales from intra to inter-annual and even longer scales. At the intra-annual scale, extreme precipitation events will be interspersed with prol...

Abstract The development of societies and the increasing growth recent constructions, especially in cities, have caused environmental issues, destruction, reduction natural resources environment, green green-blue spaces. According to studies, past years, many parts even pristine surfaces spaces big cities been turned into artificial, impermeable spaces, which has aggravated ecological problems ...

The arid valley is a unique type of ecological fragile landscape in the Hengduan Mountain Area, China. The boundary of the arid valley is one of the response indicators to mountainous climate change. Based on the meteorological data from 1999 to 2013 and the SPOT remote sensing images in 1999 and 2013 this study explored the response characteristics of the arid valley boundary to regional clima...

As we wrote in the summary of this special issue, purpose Special Issue is to report, more detail, research water resources management frame sustainable development [...]

Understanding the regulation of ecosystem ET is crucial to comprehend present and potential future vegetation and water availability in arid environments. We compared ET data from eddy-covariance flux measurements in two semiarid shrub-dominated ecosystems. Located in the Kubuqi Desert (KD, Inner Mongolia, China) and the Sierra Madre (SM, Wyoming, USA), the ecosystems shared similarities in lat...

In arid and semiarid parts of the world, evaporation from irrigated fields may significantly influence humidity, near-surface winds, and precipitation. Using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra imagery from summer and autumn 2000 the authors attempt to improve the realism of a regional climate model (the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model...

Some land and ocean processes are related through connections (and synoptic-scale teleconnections) to the atmosphere. Synoptic-scale atmospheric (El Niño/Southern Oscillation [ENSO], Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO], and North Atlantic Oscillation [NAO]) decadal cycles are known to influence the global terrestrial carbon cycle. Potentially, smaller scale land-ocean connections influenced by co...

isfahan province is located in the center of iran and has arid and semi-arid climate. in recent years, water shortage has increased in this region and has affected crop production. wheat is one of the most important crops of the province. in the present research, an index (dei) has been developed for drought evaluation using long term climatic data through application of principle components an...