The present study was designed to determine: (i) the role of the reductive amination of alpha-ketoglutarate via the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction in furnishing mitochondrial glutamate and its transamination into aspartate; (ii) the relative incorporation of perfusate 15NH4Cl, [2-15N]glutamine or [5-15N]glutamine into carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate-N and, thereby, [15N]urea isotopomers; an...

The reverse reaction of aspartate transcarbamylase in which phosphate or arsenate is first coupled to carbamyl aspartate, followed by elimination of aspartate, has been studied under conditions in which one product, aspartate, is removed. Aspartate is converted to oxalacetate by glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase, and the resulting oxalacetate is converted to malate by the NADH, NAD+ oxidoreduc...

BACKGROUND We have previously shown that aspartate improves the tolerance of normal hearts to cardioplegia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether aspartate is also beneficial in the recently infarcted heart. METHODS Myocardial infarction was produced in rats by left coronary artery ligation. Twenty hours later their hearts were perfused on an isolated working rat heart apparatus an...

The mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier catalyzes an important step in both the urea cycle and the aspartate/malate NADH shuttle. Citrin and aralar1 are homologous proteins belonging to the mitochondrial carrier family with EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding motifs in their N-terminal domains. Both proteins and their C-terminal domains were overexpressed in Escherichia coli, reconstituted into liposo...

Cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii and ssp. freudenreichii did not show significant growth or product formation in a mineral medium with 10 mM aspartate or 10 mM fumarate, vitamins, and a small amount (0.05% w/v) of yeast extract. In the presence of added propionate, growth with aspartate or fumarate was possible, and depended strictly on the amount of propionate provided,...

D-aspartate levels in the brain are regulated by the catabolic enzyme D-aspartate oxidase (DDO). D-aspartate activates NMDA receptors, and influences brain connectivity and behaviors relevant to schizophrenia in animal models. In addition, recent evidence reported a significant reduction of D-aspartate levels in the post-mortem brain of schizophrenia-affected patients, associated to higher DDO ...

The cofactor pyridoxal 5’-phosphate bound through an aldimine linkage to lysine residues of the enzyme aspartate amiuotransferase is very stable to irradiation with light of 420 nm. The catalytic function of the enzyme exposed to light absorbed by the cofactor remains unaffected, indicating that pyridoxal 5’-phosphate is not an efficient active site photosensitizer for this aminotransferase. Th...

The proliferation and differentiation of rhizomes are crucial for the propagation Cymbidium species. We systematically assessed effects different concentrations 20 amino acids on C. goeringii rhizomes. Rhizome rates were significantly higher in media with 2.0 mmol·L −1 cysteine, 0.5 arginine, 0.2 asparagine, 1.0 proline, lysine compared those control. Additionally, tyrosine, aspartate beneficia...