In vivo, beta(2) integrins and particularly alpha(L)beta(2) (LFA-1) robustly support firm adhesion of leukocytes, but can also cooperate with other molecules in supporting rolling adhesion. Strikingly, a small molecule alpha/beta I-like allosteric antagonist, XVA143, inhibits LFA-1-dependent firm adhesion, while at the same time it enhances adhesion in shear flow and rolling both in vitro and i...

The Melanoma-Associated Antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) protein is a target for cancer therapy. The function of this protein is not well understood. We report the first comprehensive study on key cancer-associated MAGE-A4 mutations and provide analysis on the consequences of these mutations on the structure, folding and stability of the protein. Based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Circular Dichroism, ...

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is an integrin that transmits information in two directions across the plasma membrane of leukocytes, in so-called outside-in and inside-out signaling mechanisms. To investigate the structural basis of these mechanisms, we studied the conformational space of the apo I-domain using replica-averaged metadynamics simulations in combination with nucl...

Serological and biochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated that the Ly-15 cell membrane alloantigens are polymorphic sites on the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) molecule. Ly-15.2 and LFA-1 show identical tissue distributions, being present on all thymocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils, and flow cytofluorometric analysis indicated identical cell surface...

We propose a new definition of pre-image entropy for continuous maps on noncompact topological spaces, investigate fundamental properties of the new pre-image entropy, and compare the new pre-image entropy with the existing ones. The defined pre-image entropy generates that of Cheng and Newhouse. Yet, it holds various basic properties of Cheng and Newhouse’s pre-image entropy, for example, the ...

Immunotherapy with genetically engineered T-cells that express the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has raised hopes for the treatment of pediatric malignancies. Although CAR T-cell development is on a fast-moving pace and evolution, the context of exploring novel targetable antigens has been neglected. In this review study, we analyze the prominent hematologic antigens targeted by engineered T-...