The chemical composition of protoplanetary disks is expected to hold clues to the physical and chemical processes that influence the formation of planetary systems. However, characterizing the gas composition in the planet formation region of disks has been a challenge to date. We report here that the protoplanetary disk within 3 astronomical units of AA Tauri possesses a rich molecular emissio...

A gamma-ray halo in a nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 was found by the CANGAROO-II Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). By fitting the energy spectrum with expected curves from Cold Dark Matter (CDM) annihilations, we constrain the CDM-annihilation rate in the halo of NGC 253. Upper limits for the CDM density were obtained in the wide mass range between 0.5 and 50 TeV. Although these...

Magnetism of fullerene C60 was studied by three methods the density functional theory (DFT) calculation, laboratory experiment and astronomical observation. DFT revealed that most stable spin state non-magnetic one Sz=0/2. This is contrary to our recent study on void induced graphene molecules C23 C53 be magnetic Sz=2/2. Two combined model suggested two up-spin at every carbon pentagon ring may...

If a source is not detected above some flux threshold (when expected to be present at a target position), how can one assign a plausible upper limit to its flux such that (i) it has precise probabilistic meaning; (ii) has a degree of confidence that is not subjective or arbitrarily conservative; and (iii) has no dependence on any prior knowledge about the flux? Unfortunately, the astronomical l...

An increase of the efficiency of spectrum usage requires the development of new communication techniques. Cognitive radio may be one of those new technique, which uses unoccupied frequency bands for communications. This will lead to more power in the bands and therefore an increasing level of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), which would cause loss of operation particularly for passive users ...

Aminoethanol is a predicted precursor to the amino acid alanine in the interstellar medium and is therefore of great interest for observational studies. However, previous work involving the rotational spectrum of this molecule is limited to centimeter wavelengths and additional laboratory work is necessary to support astronomical heterodyne spectroscopy. This work presents the Doppler-limited r...

In the North-Western part of Europe, ASTRON is building the world-largest largest low-frequency radio telescope. The telescope is based on phased array principles and is known as the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR). LOFAR is optimized for detecting astronomical signals in the 30-80 MHz and 120-240 MHz frequency windows. Since this part of the spectrum is in extensive use by others, special care mus...

We discuss the vacuum energy density and the cosmological constant of dS5 brane world with a dilaton field. It is shown that a stable AdS4 brane can be constructed and gravity localization can be realized. An explicit relation between the dS bulk cosmological constant and the brane cosmological constant is obtained. The discrete mass spectrum of the massive scalar field in the AdS4 brane is use...

One of the most striking astrophysical phenomena today is the existence of cosmic ray particles with energies in excess of 10 20 eV. While their presence has been confirmed by a number of experiments, it is not clear where and how these particles are accelerated to these energies and how they travel astronomical distances without substantial energy loss. We are entering an exciting new era in c...

In recent decades, a number of molecules and diverse dust features have been identified by astronomical observations in various environments. Most of the dust that determines the physical and chemical characteristics of the interstellar medium is formed in the outflows of asymptotic giant branch stars and is further processed when these objects become planetary nebulae. We studied the environme...