Enhanced renal expression for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is detected in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Previous data showed an altered glomerular expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), suggesting a regulatory response to high intrarenal angiotensin II (Ang II) concentration in IgAN. In this study, the expression and regulation of Ang II receptors were examined in human proximal t...

A local tissue-specific renin-angiotensin system (local RAS) has been identified in many organs. However, no report has described the role of a local RAS in the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. To examine the role of a local RAS in the hypertrophic differentiation, we activated angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) separately in the cell li...

The survival benefit conferred by angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with heart failure has led to an intense interest in the mechanisms underlying the action of angiotensin II.1,2 However, ACE inhibition therapy does not completely block angiotensin II production, and in some patients angiotensin II remains elevated, in part because of the conversion of angiotensin I to ...

Abstract Multi-infarct dementia (MID) is described as a chronic progressive decline in cortical cognitive function due to the occurrence of multiple infarcts cerebral vascularization throughout gray and white matter. Current therapies MID mostly focus only on slowing down progression symptomatic medications. A novel therapy which able provide both preventive curative properties for high interes...

BACKGROUND Mycolactone is a polyketide toxin secreted by the mycobacterium Mycobacterium ulcerans, responsible for the extensive hypoalgesic skin lesions characteristic of patients with Buruli ulcer. A recent pre-clinical study proposed that mycolactone may produce analgesia via activation of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). In contrast, AT2R antagonist EMA401 has shown analgesic effi...

In order to determine differences in cardiovascular cell response during nutrient stress to different cardiovascular protective drugs, we investigated cell responses of serum starved mouse cardiomyocyte HL-1 cells and primary cultures of human coronary artery vascular smooth muscles (hCAVSMCs) to treatment with β-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol, 3 μM each), AT1R blocker lo...

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a powerful modulator of renal hemodynamic and fluid homeostasis. Up-regulation in components of intra-renal RAS occurs with ageing. Recently we reported that 2 year old uninephrectomised (uni-x) female sheep have low renin hypertension and reduced renal function. By 5 years of age, these uni-x sheep had augmented decrease in renal blood flow (RBF) compared to s...

Rosenfeld CR, DeSpain K, Liu X-t. Defining the differential sensitivity to norepinephrine and angiotensin II in the ovine uterine vasculature. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R59–R67, 2012. First published October 26, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00424.2011.—The intact ovine uterine vascular bed (UVB) is sensitive to -agonists and refractory to angiotensin II (ANG II) during pregnancy;...

High-sodium intake is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of hypertension, especially in obesity. The present study is designed to investigate whether angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) activation with selective agonist C21 prevents high-sodium diet (HSD)-induced hypertension in obese animals. Male obese rats were treated with AT2R agonist C21 (1 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), oral) while maintained on eith...