This paper proposes an innovative financial instrument to fund projects that combine profit-making with significant social or environmental goals, specially in emerging low-income economies. The proposal is based on improvements the typical impact bond model aim of better aligning parties' incentives, and also making it more transparent, traceable compatible revenue-generating projects. It appl...

We explored the use of technology-assisted, trialogue-based tasks to measure the English language proficiency of students learning English as a second or foreign language. A presumed benefit of the system for language assessment is its suitability for use in scenario-based tasks that integrate multiple language skills. This integration allows test developers to simulate real-life language use s...

The present study was an attempt, to empirically investigate if there was any significant difference between authentic listening materials and their simplified version in terms of the listening comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, two groups of thirty subjects were chosen. One group received authentic listening materials and the other group received the same topic in simplified v...

Despite unprecedented demand for digital media skills many graduates struggle to transition into employment because of the gap between university pedagogy and real-world professional practice. Traditionally, studio-based learning has been used give students authentic experiences non-linear, interactive cycle feedback, reflection integration that occurs in creative practice; however, this approa...

Profound socioeconomic pressures on medical student education have been catalogued extensively. These pressures include teaching patient shortages, teacher shortages, conflicting systems, and financial problems. Many of these problems have been caused by an unregulated free market affecting medicine overall, with market values sometimes overshadowing the academic values of education, research, ...

Abstract Nowadays, we must be prepared for unknown or unexpected situations in design, design research, and education. We are awaiting changes standards the art, engineering education system. currently facing a new type of communication process. Classical research traditional forms changing, searching development strategies. The Star Status philosophy is viewed social context as section It part...