Recently, a new Emergency Control Centre for Albanian Transmission System Operator (TSO), which includes Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) Automatic Generation (AGC) applications, has been commissioned. Nowadays, an AGC application is being prepared the biggest generation company in Croatia, as part of centre hydropower plants within western Croatia. Both these implementations us...

Automatic Generation Control (AGC) delivers a high quality electrical energy to consumers using efficient and intelligent control systems ensuring nominal operating frequency organized tie-line power deviation. Subsequently, for the AGC analysis of two-area interconnected hydro-gas-thermal-wind generating unit, novel Fractional Order Integral-Tilt Derivative (FOI-TD) controller is proposed that...

To enable power supply in rural areas and to exploit clean energy, fully renewable systems consisting of cascaded run-of-the-river hydropower volatile energies such as pv wind are built around the world. In islanded operation mode, primary secondary frequency control, i.e., hydro governors automatic generation control (AGC), responsible for stability. However, due limited water storage capacity...

Abstract—This paper represents performance of particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm based integral (I) controller and proportional-integral controller (PI) for interconnected hydro-thermal automatic generation control (AGC) with generation rate constraint (GRC) and Thyristor controlled phase shifter (TCPS) in series with tie line. The control strategy of TCPS provides active control of sy...

The uncertainty of wind power results in wind power forecasting errors (WPFE) which lead to difficulties in formulating dispatching strategies to maintain the power balance. Demand response (DR) is a promising tool to balance power by alleviating the impact of WPFE. This paper offers a control method of combining DR and automatic generation control (AGC) units to smooth the system’s imbalance, ...

Consider a static scene and xed center of projection , about which a camera is free to zoom, pan, tilt, and rotate about its optical axis. With an ideal camera, the resulting images are in the same orbit of the projective group-action, and each pixel of each image provides a measurement of a ray of light passing through a common point in space. Unfortunately, most modern cameras have a built in...

In this paper, automatic generation control (AGC) of two area interconnected power system having diverse sources of power generation is studied. A two area power system comprises power generations from hydro, thermal and gas sources in area-1 and power generations from hydro and thermal sources in area-2. All the power generation units from different sources are equipped with speed governors. A...

Abstract This paper uses a Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) optimized PDF plus (1 + PI) controller for Automatic generation control (AGC) of power system with Flexible AC Transmission (FACTS) devices. Three differently rated reheat turbine operated thermal units appropriate rate constraint (GRC) are considered along different FACTS A new multistage design structure is introduced in the ...

In this paper, automatic generation control (AGC) of two area interconnected power system having diverse sources of power generation is studied. A two area power system comprises power generations from hydro, thermal and gas sources in area-1 and power generations from hydro and thermal sources in area-2. All the power generation units from different sources are equipped with speed governors. A...

To provide automatic generation control (AGC) service, wind farms (WFs) are required to their operation dynamically track the time-varying power reference. Wake effects impose significant aerodynamic interactions among turbines, which remarkably influence WF dynamic production. The nonlinear and high-dimensional nature of wake model, however, brings extremely high computation complexity obscure...