the automobile industry’s wastewater not only contains high levels of suspended and total solids such as oil, grease, dyestuff, chromium, phosphate in washing products, and coloring, at various stages of chassis manufacturing but also, a significant amount of dissolved organics,resulting in high bod or cod loads. suspended solids can be removed from the wastewater by chemical precipitation. h...

Comfort on automobile seats is lived daily by thousands of drivers. Epistemologically, comfort can be understood under the theory of complexity, since it emerges from a chain of interrelationships between man and several elements of the system. This interaction process can engender extreme comfort associated to the feeling of pleasure and wellbeing or, on the other hand, lead to discomfort, nor...

During pandemic, people’s lives are affected dramatically—more than 20 million people have been affected, and most companies by such virus. However, may always consider that some industries with inelastic demands as touring new energy vehicles will not be crisis. By analyzing the data from specific companies, I found difficulties opportunities for these industries. For example, industry related...

Modularisation provides new challenges for the automobile industry. Following the trend, this study empirically compared the cases of Korea and Japan. This study finds out the characteristics of modularisation dynamics in Korea which are different from those of Japan. The results show that modularisation of Korean automobile industry is shifting to modularisation in inter-firm system which outs...

Taking the early U.S. automobile industry as an example, we evaluate two competing hypotheses on geographic concentration of industry: local externalities versus employee spinoffs. Our findings suggest that both forces contribute to industry agglomeration through their specific channels, and the spinoff effect can be viewed as a special form of local externalities. Calibrating our model to the ...