BACKGROUND Augmentation of collateral flow is proposed as a method to reduce ischemic injury in the posterior circulation. However, collateral formation in basilar artery stenosis (BAS) and basilar artery occlusion (BAO) has not been studied thoroughly. METHODS We identified 24 consecutive patients admitted over a 4-year period with angiographically demonstrated BAS of more than 50% or occlus...

The relationship between smoking and gastric secretory capacity was studied in 201 25-40 year old healthy subjects with normal laboratory data and no gastrointestinal lesions. Basal acid output (BAO) and peak acid output (PAO) were determined in all, and basal and stimulated pepsin outputs were measured in 85 participants. The accuracy of the patients' statements was checked by urinary nicotine...

This work aims at selecting a suitable strategy to accelerate the start-up of the anaerobic treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW) and to enhance the biogas production. Two anaerobic sludges were tested in toxicity and biodegradability batch experiments: biomass acclimated to oleate (BAO) and biomass non-acclimated (BNA). The results showed that the resistance to OMW toxicity was higher for t...

Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is one of the most devastating forms of stroke and few patients have good outcomes without recanalization. Most centers apply recanalization therapies for BAO up to 12-24 hours after symptom onset, which is a substantially longer time window than the 4.5 hours used in anterior circulation stroke. In this speculative synthesis, we discuss recent advances in BAO tre...

Introduction Removal of harmful NOx emissions from lean burn and diesel engines in the presence of excess oxygen presents a great challenge. Lean-NOx traps (LNTs, aka NOx storage/reduction (NSR) catalysts or NOx adsorbers) are one of the promising technologies to remove NOx effectively. In the LNT technology, an active (alkali and/or alkaline earth) oxide material takes up NOx under lean engine...

OBJECTIVES This study compared the clinical implications of quantifying myocardial perfusion among different potential arterial input sites: the high (HAo) and basal (BAo) ascending aorta, descending aorta (DA), left atrium (LA), and left ventricular (LV) cavity. BACKGROUND Absolute myocardial perfusion and its hyperemic reserve imaged by positron emission tomography (PET) can serve as noninv...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a stroke subtype with poor prognosis, but recanalizing therapies have been reported to be effective. We investigated whether initial admission to telemedically linked general hospitals with subsequent stroke-center transfer is related to poorer outcome than direct admission to stroke centers. METHODS All BAO cases of 3 stroke centers in...

BACKGROUND Medical superstitions remain prevalent in today's stressful and technology driven healthcare environment. These irrational beliefs commonly involve night calls, which are periods of volatile workload. In Singapore and Hong Kong, it is commonly held that consumption of steamed buns ("bao") by on-call physicians is associated with increased patient admissions and mortality, due to a ho...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Quantification of early ischemic changes (EIC) may predict functional outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO). We tested the validity of a novel CT score, the posterior circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early CT score (pc-ASPECTS). METHODS Pc-ASPECTS allots the posterior circulation 10 points. Two points each are subtracted for EIC in midbrain or pons a...