This editorial seeks to help eradicate confusions, enlighten the current perceptions, and highlight a global need to develop feasible guidelines for optimum bioprocessing of barley grain (BG). The optimum processing techniques must result in moderated rumen fermentation of starch and protein, improved rumen microbial protein synthesis, reduced risks of Sub-Acute Rumen Acidosis (SARA) and pro-in...

Samples of grain from 40 New Zealand wheat and barley crops harvested in 2000 were assayed for Fusarium infection. Grain from all crops was infected, and Fusarium incidence ranged from 3 to 52% of grains infected, with a mean of 14%. Incidence of Fusarium was higher in spring wheat than in autumn wheat or spring barley. The highest level of infection (52% grains infected) was found in Otane whe...

A digestion trial using cannulated lactating cows was conducted to evaluate the influence of barley grain processing on characteristics of ruminal fermentation and the site and extent of digestion. The experiment consisted in 4 periods and lasted 84 days. The total mixed rations contained 39.86% of grains and 42.90% of alfalfa hay and the rest of ration was composed mainly by cane molasses, fat...

Despite general effect of salicylic-acid (SA) in improving plant growth andproductivity in saline conditions, there have not been unanimity about the bestconcentration. In this 2-yr field study the effect of different SA concentrations(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM) was examined on growth, grain yield and yieldcomponents of barley under two non-saline (2 dS m-1) and saline (12 dS m-1)conditions. ...

in other to evaluate grain yield, rate and effective grain filling period of four barley (hordeum vulgaris l.) cultivars in different planting dates, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design was conducted in the islamic azad university of ardabil research station in 2009. the treatments applied were: three levels of different planting dates (september, 23; october, 16 ...

this experiment was laid out in order to evaluate the effects  of different biofertilizers on yield components of barley. the experiment was a factorial design with three replications. treatments were three nitrogen biofrtilizers (nitroksin, nitrokara and supernitroplass) and three phosphate  biofrtilizers (phosphate barvar2, biozarr and superplass) with control for them and yield components we...

European agriculture suffers from a substantial deficit of protein sources forlivestock and the projected changes in agro-climatic conditions in Central Europeinclude a higher risk of drought. To address these challenges, the drought resistantlegume crop chickpea was compared with pea, barley and oat regarding its nitrogen(N) yield, protein yield and N use and utilization efficiency under Centr...

Among the C1A cysteine proteases, the plant cathepsin F-like group has been poorly studied. This paper describes the molecular and functional characterization of the HvPap-1 cathepsin F-like protein from barley. This peptidase is N-glycosylated and has to be processed to become active by its own propeptide being an important modulator of the peptidase activity. The expression pattern of its mRN...

Protein-enriched pea flour is toxic and repellent to three major stored grain pests, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens). A unique and valuable aspect of the protein-enriched pea flour is that it is not toxic several parasitoids that are associated with two of these insect pests. ...

Crop rows oriented at a right angle to sunlight direction (i.e., east–west within the winter cropping system in Western Australia) may suppress weed growth through greater shading of weeds in the interrow spaces. This was investigated in the districts of Merredin and Beverley, Western Australian (latitudes of 31u and 32uS) from 2002 to 2005 (four trials). Winter grain crops (wheat, barley, cano...