One of the effective techniques to strengthen subgrade is boring and mixing technology, which based on immersion vertical elements – piles into subgrade. This method strengthening significantly affects stress state track superstructure. Two options placement are examined in this paper. To determine influence position superstructure, appropriate finite-element models were created. The fully refl...

In this work a systematic framework is introduced to synthesize the optimal separation process of azeotropic mixtures. The proposed framework, which can handle an arbitrary number of components, consists of two main steps: a system analysis and a state-space superstructure algorithm. The system analysis is composed of some equation-oriented algorithms to supply basic information for the superst...

The ground-state electronic order in doped manganites is frequently associated with a lattice modulation, contributing to their many interesting properties. However, measuring the thermal evolution of the lattice superstructure with reciprocal-space probes alone can lead to ambiguous results with competing interpretations. Here we provide direct observations of the evolution of the superstructu...

Because of difficulty in inspection and retrofit of foundation in comparison with other elements, the common design philosophy is to avoid any nonlinear deformation in the foundation. This paper shows that by employing controlled foundation nonlinearity, in predetermined sections with arrangements for inspection and retrofit, it is possible to reduce seismic demand on superstructure. Localizing...

Composite to steel joints as important components of ships are gradually found in the marine industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate mechanical performance and optimization methods of the composite sandwich to steel joints. The main emphasis was placed on the mechanical properties of a hybrid joint between a sandwich glass fibre reinforced plastic superstructure and a steel main h...

In this paper, the mechanical behaviors of bridges with unseating prevention devices in the superstructure were investigated. These devices can prevent bridge from unseating and divert most of the seismic forces from transferring to the bridge columns. The models of the rubber bearing, restrainer, and shear key were proposed and implemented into the SAP 2000 to obtain the seismic response of th...

A new method of robustness evaluation is proposed for an elastoplastic base-isolated high-rise building considering simultaneous uncertainties of structural parameters. Since it is difficult to evaluate the robustness of elastoplastic structures due to heavy computational load on the time-history response analysis including elastoplastic response, a double impulse input is used to provide a clo...

Λ-Cobalt(III) sepulchrate trinitrate crystallizes in P6322 with Z = 2 (Z' = 1/6) at room temperature. Slabs perpendicular to the hexagonal axis comprise molecules Co(sepulchrate) alternating with nitrate groups A and B. Coordinated by six sepulchrate molecules, highly disordered nitrate groups C are accommodated between the slabs. Here we report the fully ordered, low-temperature crystal struct...