Given a singular square matrix A with index r, ind(A) = r, we establish several characterizations in the Drazin inverse framework of the class of matrices B, which satisfy the conditions N (Bs)∩R(Ar) = {0} and R(Bs)∩N (Ar) = {0} with ind(B) = s, where N (A) and R(A) denote the null space and the range space of a matrix A, respectively. We give explicit representations for BD and BBD and upper b...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common underlying etiology responsible for febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) or pyelonephritis in children. Along with the morbidity of pyelonephritis, long-term sequelae of recurrent renal infections include renal scarring, proteinuria, and hypertension. Treatment is directed toward the prevention of recurrent infection through use of continuous an...

BACKGROUND In 1973, Sifneos introduced the word 'alexithymia' to describe the inability to find appropriate words to describe one's feelings. To the Authors' knowledge, the associations between alexithymia and the risk of breast cancer (BC) are rarely considered together in a prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS In an extension of the Kuopio Breast Cancer Study 115 women with breast sympto...

With advances in technology, the collection of information from consumers at the time of purchase is common in many categories. This information allows a firm to straightforwardly classify consumers as either "new" or "past" consumers. This opens the door for firms to implement marketing that a) discriminates between new and past consumers and b) entails making offers to them that are significa...

Background: Researchers suggest that benign breast disease (BBD) is a key risk factor for breast cancer. The present study aimed to determinate the risk level of breast cancer in terms of various BBD subgroups.Methods: A meta-analysis was performed to determinate the risk of breast cancer associated with BBD. Observational studies (traditional case-control studies, nested case-control studies, ...

It was hypothesized that differences in starch degradability account for observed differences in rumen vaccenic acid (t11-18:1) and milk rumenic acid (RA) concentrations. To test this hypothesis, starch degradability was varied through grain source and by processing. Eight Holstein cows in mid-lactation were assigned to two 4 × 4 Latin squares with four 21-day periods and four diets: dry rolled...

Black Band Disease (BBD), the destructive microbial consortium dominated by the cyanobacterium Roseofilum reptotaenium, affects corals worldwide. While the taxonomic composition of BBD consortia has been well-characterized, substantially less is known about its functional repertoire. We sequenced the metagenomes of Caribbean and Pacific black band mats and cultured Roseofilum and obtained five ...

A recent study among 13,707 postmenopausal women without benign breast disease (BBD) from the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) cohort found breast cancer risk associated with greater total fat, unsaturated fat, and oleic acid intake. We assessed the associations between cumulative averaged dietary intake from 1980, 1984, 1986, and 1990 with breast cancer risk through 1994 a...

Precipitating antibodies to avian antigens play a controversial role in the diagnosis of bird breeder's disease (BBD). In order to establish the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of precipitins in our laboratory, we conducted a prospective study including 128 sera received in 1988 for determination, by immunoelectrophoresis, of avian precipitins. Accurate information was obtained for 90 pat...

BACKGROUND While melanocytic nevi have been associated with genetic factors and childhood sun exposure, several observations also suggest a potential hormonal influence on nevi. To test the hypothesis that nevi are associated with breast tumor risk, we explored the relationships between number of nevi and benign and malignant breast disease risk. METHODS AND FINDINGS We prospectively analyzed...