The Transcendental Meditation program was examined as a possible solution to the difficult problem of inmate rehabilitation. Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered to prisoners at the Federal Correctional Institution at Lompoc, California, twice before and twice after they learned the Transcendental Meditation technique. At the final testing they were also administered a S...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated undergraduates'awareness about stroke, the effects of an educational intervention and the difference of measuring tests between recognition and recall. METHODS We chose a convenient sample from two classes. One of the classes, the recognition group, was tested by a close-ended questionnaire with multiple choices. The other class, the recall group, was tested ...

This study was aimed to compare long-term effects of collaborative and individual task planning on Persian-speaking EFL learners’ writing performance, using Brown and Bailey’s (1985) rating scale. Therefore, a group of 90 upper-intermediate EFL learners in collaborative task planning, individual task planning, and control groups took part in the study. In the experimental groups, the participan...

The present study was intended to explore EFL students’ perceptions of learning vocabulary collaboratively with computers. We recruited 91 eighth-graders from three intact classes in a junior high school in Taiwan, assigning one class to learning individually without computers, another learning collaboratively without computers and the other learning collaboratively with computers. All particip...

There is an undeniable relationship between spirituality and health, and taking a spiritual history is a simple way to increase the focus on spiritual care. This is a pre/posttest intervention study. Questionnaires were administered before implementation of a spiritual assessment (pretest, n = 106), and afterward (posttest, n = 103). Despite a difficult implementation process, the number of con...

BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the influence of a motivationally-enhanced instructional design on motivation to learn and knowledge, hypothesizing that outcomes would be higher for the enhanced instructional format. METHODS Medicine residents completed four online learning modules on primary care topics. Using a crossover design, learners were randomized to receive two standard and two motiva...

The microscopic examination of urine sediment is a common diagnostic tool taught to medical students, medical technologists, and others. The urine microscopic exam is difficult to teach because supervised instruction and textbook-based teaching suffer from numerous drawbacks. Here, we describe Urinalysis-Tutor, a computer program that uses digitized microscope images and computer-based teaching...

Many studies have shown that sleep improves memory performance, and that even short naps during the day are beneficial. Certain physiological components of sleep such as spindles and slow-wave-sleep are thought to be particularly important for memory consolidation. The aim of this experiment was to reveal the role of naps for hippocampus-dependent associative memory (AM) and hippocampus-indepen...

Practice of complex tasks can be scheduled in several ways: as whole-task practice or as practice of the individual skills composing the task in either a blocked or a random order. The authors used those 3 schedules to study 18 participants' learning of an orthopedic surgical task. They assessed learning by obtaining expert evaluation of performance and objective kinematic measures before, imme...

The purpose of this study is to integrate the idea of concept map into dynamic assessment model for accounting education in vocational high school. By using the expert concept map and the objectives as the main reference to generate assessment questions for diagnosis purposes, students should be informed the shortcoming of learning and receive proper guidance to improve learning. A quasi-experi...