This paper seeks to make two contributions. First, we propose and analyze a tractable model of strategic play in which players behave as if their expectations about their opponents’ behavior vary with their own choices. We refer to this nonstandard updating as magical thinking. The model provides a unified view of documented behavior in a range of often-studied games, such as the Prisoners’ Dil...

Background and Objectives: Monotheistic integrated psychotherapy is regarded as a multidimensional and comprehensive therapy recommended for the treatment of abnormal behaviors, mood and anxiety, personality, and drug use disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of monotheistic integrated psychotherapy on the resilience, anxiety, and depression levels among prisoners. ...

For many years it has been stated repeatedly that American prisons simply provide for the punishment of offenders and do not rehabilitate them. The lack of meaningful programs in facilities primarily committed to the control of aggressive behavior, deemed antisocial by the criminal law, has been associated with a recidivism rate that clearly shows the failure of these methods of correcting such...

BACKGROUND Ensuring adequate end-of-life care for prisoners is a critical issue. In France, data investigating the impact of laws allowing release of seriously ill prisoners are lacking. AIM To assess the number and characteristics of prisoners requiring palliative care in French prisons. DESIGN A prospective, national survey collecting data over a 3-month period. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS All...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are common infections among prisoners. Addicted prisoners are at a higher risk than the normal population for contracting these diseases. Many studies have reported higher prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, and HIV in prisoners. Because of this problem, this study was conducted to evaluate th...

BACKGROUND Despite the growing recognition for the need to improve the health of prisoners in Canada and the need for health research, there has been little discussion of the ethical issues with regards to health research with prisoners in Canada. The purpose of this paper is to encourage a national conversation about what it means to conduct ethically sound health research with prisoners given...

background: hepatitis c (hcv) is increasing worldwide including iran. hcv is more prevalent among intravenous drug abusers (idu), especially if imprisoned, mostly due to needle sharing. we determined the rate of hcv seropositivity among idu prisoners and compared it with those of non prisoners. materials and methods: a cross-sectional survey was done on consenting idu inhabiting two prisons and...

It has been a long-lasting pursuit to promote cooperation, and this study aims to promote cooperation via the combination of social stratification and the spatial prisoners' dilemma game. It is previously assumed that agents share the identical payoff matrix, but the stratification or diversity exists and exerts influences in real societies. Thus, two additional classes, elites and scoundrels, ...