The nucleotide sequence of the todC1C2BADE genes which encode the first three enzymes in the catabolism of toluene by Pseudomonas putida F1 was determined. The genes encode the three components of the toluene dioxygenase enzyme system: reductaseTOL (todA), ferredoxinTOL (todB), and the two subunits of the terminal dioxygenase (todC1C2); (+)-cis-(1S, 2R)-dihydroxy-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene deh...

The p-cumate-degrading strain Pseudomonas putida F1 and the m- and p-toluate-degrading strain P. putida mt-2 transform indole-2-carboxylate and indole-3-carboxylate to colored products identified here as indigo, indirubin, and isatin. A mechanism by which these products could be formed spontaneously following dioxygenase-catalyzed dihydroxylation of the indolecarboxylates is proposed. Indolecar...

The article presents an assessment of the biological effectiveness biorational insectoacaricides based on abamectin and emamectin benzoate – metabolites soil actinomycetes, to protect grapes from pests. We studied new drugs: Mekar, ME (18 g/l abamectin) Mabet, EC against Schizotetranychus pruni ; Yunona, (50 benzoate), Emakleim, VRG benzoate) Proclame Fit, WDG (400 g/kg lufenuron + 50 emamectin...

Engineering of hybrid gene clusters between the toluene metabolic tod operon and the biphenyl metabolic bph operon greatly enhanced the rate of biodegradation of trichloroethylene. Escherichia coli cells carrying a hybrid gene cluster composed of todC1 (the gene encoding the large subunit of toluene terminal dioxygenase in Pseudomonas putida F1), bphA2 (the gene encoding the small subunit of bi...

The sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfococcus multivorans uses various aromatic compounds as sources of cell carbon and energy. In this work, we studied the initial steps in the aromatic metabolism of this strictly anaerobic model organism. An ATP-dependent benzoate coenzyme A (CoA) ligase (AMP plus PPi forming) composed of a single 59-kDa subunit was purified from extracts of cells grown on ben...

There are various methods for the analysis of Potassium Sorbate and Sodium Benzoate in food products, but a rapid and reliable method for identification of these preservatives in Doogh (an Iranian traditional dairy drink) is a procedure, in which high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) utilized and followed by UV diode array detection of the two preservatives. The aim of this case study w...

The structure of the title compound, C(14)H(10)Cl(2)O(2), resembles those of 3-chloro-phenyl 4-methyl-benzoate, 2,6-dichloro-phenyl 4-methyl-benzoate and 2,4-dichloro-phenyl 4-methyl-benzoate, with similar bond parameters. The dihedral angle between the benzene and benzoyl rings is 48.81 (6)°.

The kynurenine pathway is the major route of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) catabolism in biology, leading ultimately to the formation of NAD(+). The initial and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway involves oxidation of L-Trp to N-formylkynurenine. This is an O2-dependent process and catalyzed by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase. More than 60 years after these dioxygena...