Research prior to 2001 indicated that athletes experienced better body image than non-athletes, with no differences among sport types. Since then, female athletes have become increasingly sexually objectified in the media, and the sociocultural beauty ideal has shifted to emphasize appearing both athletic and thin. Part I of this paper explores the literature describing these changes. Part II p...

Coordination between multiple autonomous agents is a major issue for open multi-agent systems. This paper proposes the notion of Behavioural Implicit Communication (BIC) originally devised in human and animal societies as a new and critical coordination mechanism also for artificial agents. BIC is a parasitical form of communication that exploits both some environmental properties and the agent...

PURPOSE Current literature has revealed that surface etching of endosseous implants can improve bone-implant contact. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in bone-implant contact (BIC) between sandblasted/acid-etched and machined-surface implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Two implant surfaces, Ecotek (sandblasted/ acid-etch...

Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) appear to possess abnormalities in the way they observe and discriminate visual information. A pre-occupation with perceived defects in appearance has been attributed to a local visual processing bias. We studied the nature of visual bias in individuals who may be at risk of developing BDD - those with high body image concerns (BICs) - by using in...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated whether a high-fat diet (HFD) affected the bone implant connection (BIC) in peri-implant bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four male rabbits were used in this study. Dental implant surgery was introduced into each tibia, and four implants were integrated into each animal. In both the normal diet (ND) group (n=2) and HFD group (n=2), 8 implants were integrat...

It is well known that AIC and BIC have different properties in model selection. BIC is consistent in the sense that if the true model is among the candidates, the probability of selecting the true model approaches 1. On the other hand, AIC is minimax-rate optimal for both parametric and nonparametric cases for estimating the regression function. There are several successful results on construct...

MicroRNAs are a class of small RNAs that are increasingly being recognized as important regulators of gene expression. Although hundreds of microRNAs are present in the mammalian genome, genetic studies addressing their physiological roles are at an early stage. We have shown that mice deficient for bic/microRNA-155 are immunodeficient and display increased lung airway remodeling. We demonstrat...

In this paper, we present a Bound states in the continuum (BIC) metamaterial heterogeneous structures based on coupled mode theory. We find more general physical parameters to represent BIC, which are resonant frequencies and corresponding phases of structures. Therefore, BIC comes from equal value not only for homogeneous Meanwhile, if one structure's frequency phase vary by varying geometry, ...

We develop a closed form asymptotic for­ mula to compute the marginal likelihood of data given a naive Bayesian network model with two hidden states and binary features. This formula deviates from the standard BIC score. Our work provides a concrete example that the BIC score is generally not valid for statistical models that belong to a stratified exponential family. This stands in contrast to...

Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) is a promising method for detecting the number of clusters. It is often used in model-based clustering in which a decisive first local maximum is detected as the number of clusters. In this paper, we re-formulate the BIC in partitioning based clustering algorithm, and propose a new knee point finding method based on it. Experimental results show that the pro...