The present study describes the hydrochemistry of ground waters found in Mesta River Basin, located south-western part Bulgaria. groundwater’s composition can be expressed as follows: Ca2+ > Na+ Mg2+ K+; K+ equivalent units for cations, and HCO3– SO42– Cl– anions. chemical studied groundwater described calcium-bicarbonate. calcium ions make up from 17.90% to 38.62% (30.18% on average), bicar...

Progesterone, a putative in vivo initiator of the human sperm acrosome reaction (AR), has previously been shown to act at the sperm plasma membrane to initiate the AR in vitro. Here, we have investigated whether bicarbonate (HCO3-) was required for the progesterone-initiated human AR and whether HCO3(-)-dependent cAMP activation might be involved. Capacitated human sperm were suspended in the p...

CO2 reduction is typically performed at neutral pH. Under these conditions in equilibrium with H2CO3, HCO3− and CO32−. However, despite their presence so far most studies solely focus on the contribution of while carbonate species as alternative reactants are generally neglected. Using density functional theory (DFT) modelling we explore possible to overall activity for a Fe porphyrin model cat...

We microperfused the loop of Henle (LOH) to assess its contribution to urine acidification in vivo. Under control conditions (Na HCO3= 13 mM, perfusion rate 17 nl/min-') net bicarbonate transport (JHCO-) was unsaturated, flowand concentration-dependent, and increased linearly until a bicarbonate load of 1,400 pmols minwas reached. Methazolamide (2-10-4 M) reduced JHCO3 by 70%; the amiloride ana...

In vitro microperfusion experiments were performed to examine the effects of peptide hormones on bicarbonate and ammonium transport by the medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) of the rat. Arginine vasopressin (AVP; 2.8 X 10(-10) M in the bath) reduced bicarbonate absorption by 50% (from 7.8 to 3.7 pmol/min per mm). AVP caused a similar reduction in bicarbonate absorption in tubules perfused wi...

The cortical collecting duct (CCD) B cell possesses an apical anion exchanger dissimilar to AE1, AE2, and AE3. The purpose of these studies was to characterize this transporter more fully by examining its regulation by CO2 and HCO3. We measured intracellular pH (pHi) in single intercalated cells of in vitro microperfused CCD using the fluorescent, pH-sensitive dye, 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6...

Arterial base deficit/excess (BD/E) is commonly used marker of metabolic acidosis in critically ill patients, but requires an arterial puncture and blood gas analysis. We hypothesized that serum bicarbonate (HCO3), which can be routinely obtained, strongly correlates with arterial BD/E and provides equivalent predictive information. In addition, we evaluated predictive value of simplified acute...

Cation-coupled HCO3(-) transport was initially identified in the mid-1970s when pioneering studies showed that acid extrusion from cells is stimulated by CO2/HCO3(-) and associated with Na(+) and Cl(-) movement. The first Na(+)-coupled bicarbonate transporter (NCBT) was expression-cloned in the late 1990s. There are currently five mammalian NCBTs in the SLC4-family: the electrogenic Na,HCO3-cot...

These experiments evaluated salt transport processes in isolated cortical thick limbs of Henle (cTALH) obtained from mouse kidney. When the external solutions consisted of Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate (KRB), pH 7.4, and a 95% O2-5% CO2 gas phase, the spontaneous transepithelial voltage (Ve, mV, lumen-to-bath) was approximately mV; the net rate of Cl- absorption (JnetCl) was approximately 3,600 pmol...

CONTEXT Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is often ingested at a dose of 0.3 g/kg body mass (BM), but ingestion protocols are inconsistent in terms of using solution or capsules, ingestion period, combining NaHCO₃ with sodium citrate (Na₃C₆H₅O₇), and coingested food and fluid. PURPOSE To quantify the effect of ingesting 0.3 g/kg NaHCO₃ on blood pH, [HCO₃-], and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms over t...