The effects of organic solvents and their binary mixture in the glucose functionalization of bacterial poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates catalyzed by Lecitase™ Ultra were studied. Equal volume binary mixture of DMSO and chloroform with moderate polarity was more effective for the enzyme catalyzed synthesis of the carbohydrate polymer at ≈38.2 (±0.8)% reactant conversion as compared to the mono-phasic an...

INTRODUCTION The diversity in self-identified lesbian and bisexual women's sexual interactions necessitates better understanding of how and when they integrate personal lubricant into different experiences. However, little is known about lesbian and bisexual women's lifetime lubricant use, particularly at the population level. AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and chara...

The available data on binary interactions are yet to be considered within the context of mixture risk assessment because of our inability to predict the effect of a third or a fourth chemical in the mixture on the interacting binary pairs. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models represent a potentially useful framework for predicting the consequences of interactions in mixtures of i...

BACKGROUND Use of lubricant products is extremely common during receptive anal intercourse (RAI) yet has not been assessed as a risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). METHODS Between 2006 and 2008, a rectal health and behavior study was conducted in Baltimore and Los Angeles as part of the University of California, Los Angeles Microbicide Development Program (NIAID IP...

BACKGROUND Personal lubricant use is common during anal intercourse. Some water-based products with high osmolality and low pH can damage genital and rectal tissues, and the polymer polyquaternium 15 (PQ15) can enhance HIV replication in vitro. This has raised concerns that lubricants with such properties may increase STD/HIV infection risk, although in vivo evidence is scarce. We use a macaque...

This paper presents experimental techniques to determine the amount of lubricant in each of the major components of an R134a automotive A/C system using ND-8 (PAG 46) oil—compressor, condenser, liquid tube, evaporator and accumulator. Three different techniques are presented: Remove and weigh Flushing Mix and sample The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the suitability of each technique ...

Within the idealized scheme of a 1-dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova-like model, a special “quantized” sliding state was found for a solid lubricant confined between two periodic layers [1]. This state, characterized by a nontrivial geometrically fixed ratio of the mean lubricant drift velocity 〈vcm〉 and the externally imposed translational velocity vext, was understood as due to the kinks (or soli...

This paper is concerned with the problem of single-channel speaker separation and exploits visual speech information to aid the separation process. Audio from a mixture of speakers is received from a single microphone and to supplement this, video from each speaker in the mixture is also captured. The visual features are used to create a time-frequency binary mask that identifies regions where ...

Scaled particle theory for a binary mixture of hard discorectangles and for a binary mixture of hard rectangles is used to predict possible liquid-crystal demixing scenarios in two dimensions. Through a bifurcation analysis from the isotropic phase, it is shown that isotropic-nematic demixing is possible in two-dimensional liquid-crystal mixtures composed of hard convex bodies. This bifurcation...