Diverse aquatic environments in floodplains support high biodiversity, including plankton, benthos, nekton (fish), and amphibians. Variation communities among waterbodies should be explained not only by the spatial variation environment at low flow but also hydrological dynamics biological responses over flood recession periods. However, very few studies have examined formation processes of flo...

The populations, species, and communities in high elevation mountainous regions at or above tree line are being impacted by the changing climate. Mountain systems have been recognized as both resilient extremely threatened climate change, requiring a more nuanced understanding of potential trajectories biotic communities. For particular, we need to consider how interactions among drivers topogr...