Identifying the credibility of executable files is critical for security an operating system. Modern systems rely on code signing, which uses a default-valid trust model, to identify their publishers. A malware could pass software validation and by using counterfeit code-signing certificates. Although certificates can be revoked CAs, previous research showed that revocation delay takes as long ...

Vascular malformations are localized errors of angiogenic development. Most are cutaneous and are called vascular 'birthmarks'. These anomalies are usually obvious in the newborn, grow commensurately with the child, and gradually expand in adulthood (Mulliken and Glowacki, 1982). Vascular malformations also occur in visceral organs, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, but are mo...

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is a heat extraction process that protects the epidermal layer during skin laser surgery of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks and other specific dermatoses. The objective of the present work is to investigate temporal and radial variations on the heat transferred at the surface of a skin model during CSC. A fast-response thermal sensor is used to measure temperature a...

How do people mentally represent distinct interpersonal threats? Across human history, threats such as infectious disease and violence have posed powerful selection pressures. Such pressures selected for psychological systems that help identify reduce by other people. In the case of disease, psychology researchers found respond to a variety infection cues (e.g., rashes, swelling) well merely re...