background: gonad shielding has been recommended during pelvic x-rays since the 1950s. the popular method of gonad shielding is placement a lead shield in the midline of the pelvis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and utility of gonad shielding in pediatrics undergoing pelvic x-rays.materials and methodsfollowing study approval, we retrospectively retrieved data from the di...

results the results showed that the epoxy plates 6 and 2 mm thick had the highest and the lowest averages of shielding effectiveness at 4.48 db and 1.90 db, respectively. however, increasing the thickness was useful up to 4 mm. in addition, in a similar attenuation pattern, x-band frequency was divided into lower, middle, and upper sections. the lower section had the highest shielding effective...

Objective(S): The dangerous effects of X-ray have been elucidated by scientific studies in occupational health hygiene.  X-ray protective like an apron, thyroid shield and gloves have been made of lead (Pb) to protect against X-ray. However, such equipment makes a lot of safety and health problems such as toxicity, weight, inflexibility and troubles usage in a physician. To ove...

This study investigated the effect of colloidal bismuth subcitrate and cimetidine on Campylobacter pylori in peptic disease. In 74% of 135 patients with peptic disease diagnosed at endoscopy C pylori was detected before treatment. Compared with cimetidine, colloidal bismuth subcitrate significantly decreased the incidence of C pylori after six weeks of treatment (p less than 0.001). In the coll...

Effect of Bismuth Doping on the Magnetic Properties of Rare-Earth Orthoferrites by Kelsey A. Collier The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the magnetic properties of bismuth-doped rare-earth orthoferrites, prompted by scientific interest in and the possible device applications of multiferroics. The magnetic susceptibility of single-crystal samples of pure and bismuth-doped orthoferr...

Introduction: The effects of X-rays on carcinogens have been proven in recent years. Today, lead is used in many devices such as lead covers, thyroid protectors to protect the body against x-rays. But this equipment contains many disadvantages such as, Toxicity, High weight and Lack of flexibility. Today, newer methods, such as semi-solid skin care products (cream, ointment), a...

a bacteriological investigation performed on the biopsies of 1 30 patients with gastrointestinal disorders at the gi section of imam khomeini hospital concluded in the isolation of 100 cases of helicobacler pylori. the antibacterial effects of bismuth salts alone and in synergy with tetracycline and metronidazole were evaluated on the basis of disc diffusion method on 5 randomly selected pure c...

A differential pulse polarographic method is proposed for the trace determination of bismuth and copper from large volumes of aqueous samples after adsorption of their 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol complexes onto microcrystalline naphthalene in the pH ranges of 7.2-9.0 and 4.0-7.8, respectively. Bismuth and copper are desorbed from microcrystalline naphthalene with 9 mL 1M HCl. Well-defined pea...

Bismuth drugs, despite being clinically used for decades, surprisingly remain in use and effective for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, even for resistant strains when co-administrated with antibiotics. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the clinically sustained susceptibility of H. pylori to bismuth drugs remain elusive. Herein, we report that integration of in-house m...