cardiac conduction system enables the heart to pulsate continuously by producing electric impulse and conducting it. as the anatomical information about cardiac conduction system in human being and other mammals needed in various fields of sciences, such as anatomy, histology, physiology, pathology and cardiology, the present review article intends to provide this basic information about an imp...

Abstract The aerobic dive limit (ADL) and the hypothesis that most dives are in nature have become fundamental to understanding of diving physiology interpretation behavior foraging ecology marine mammals seabirds. An ADL, duration associated with onset post-dive blood lactate accumulation, has only been documented analyses five species. Applications other species involved behavioral estimates ...

Traditional English Nursery Rhythm (earliest published version 1803) (Opie and Opie, 1997). The term physiology was fi rst introduced by Jean Francois Fernel (ca. 1497–1558) in 1542 [De Naturali Parte Medicinae (on the natural part of medicine)] as the study of the function of the healthy body as distinguished from pathology, the study of disease (Hall, 1975). William Harvey (1578–1657) is ofte...

OBJECTIVES Near-infrared spectroscopy monitors cerebral oxygen saturation. This parameter parallels jugular venous oxygen saturation and reflects the balance between cerebral oxygen supply and demand. Experience with near-infrared spectroscopy in univentricular physiology is limited. This study explores the relationship between cerebral oxygen saturation, jugular venous oxygen saturation, and o...

The aim of this paper was to map the scientific research on soybean physiology by usingbibliographic review and analyses of papers indexed up to July 31, 2014 in the web of sciencedatabase. A total of 1682 non-redundant bibliographic records were curated. The soybeanphysiology research experienced two major periods. The first period was from 1943 when thefirst soybean paper was published to 198...

Past research indicates that self-control relies on some sort of limited energy source. This review suggests that blood glucose is one important part of the energy source of self-control. Acts of self-control deplete relatively large amounts of glucose. Self-control failures are more likely when glucose is low or cannot be mobilized effectively to the brain (i.e., when insulin is low or insensi...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates the passage of solutes between the CNS and the blood. The BBB not only restricts the entry of serum proteins into the CNS, but it also controls the passage of nutrients, electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, free fatty acids, peptides, and regulatory proteins in both the brain to blood and blood to brain direction. The BBB performs these functions through a n...

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