Homeostasis of skeletal tissues is maintained by a well-balanced regulation of bone formation and bone resorption (1;2). This process is called remodeling, in which osteoblasts are involved in the bone formation process and osteoclasts are essential for bone resorption. During the remodeling process, bone resorption by osteoclasts acts as a trigger to stimulate bone formation by osteoblasts, a ...

BACKGROUND CXCR4 is the receptor for chemokine CXCL12 and reportedly plays an important role in systemic vascular repair and remodeling, but the role of CXCR4 in development of pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling has not been fully understood. METHODS In this study we investigated the role of CXCR4 in the development of pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling by using a CXCR...

Bone's ability to respond to load-related phenomena and repair microdamage is achieved through the remodeling process, which renews bone by activating groups of cells known as basic multicellular units (BMUs). The products of BMUs, secondary osteons, have been extensively studied via classic two-dimensional techniques, which have provided a wealth of information on how histomorphology relates t...

Under normal conditions, loading activities result in microdamage in the living skeleton, which is repaired by bone remodeling. However, microdamage accumulation can affect the mechanical properties of bone and increase the risk of fracture. This study aimed to determine the effect of microdamage on the mechanical properties and composition of bone. Fourteen male goats aged 28 months were used ...

Bone remodeling is regulated by pathways controlling the interplay of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this work, we apply the method of generalized modeling to systematically analyse a large class of models of bone remodeling. Our analysis shows that osteoblast precursors can play an important role in the regulation of bone remodeling. Further, we find that the parameter regime most likely real...

Bone remodeling in response to changing mechanical demands is well recognized. It has been hypothesized that alterations in interstitial fluid flow (IFF), due to intraosseous pressure changes, influence bone remodeling. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of IFF in bone in the absence of mechanical strain using an in vivo model, the hindlimb suspended rat. Bone remodeling was ass...

BACKGROUND Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-based tissue engineering has focused on inducing new bone efficiently. However, modeling and remodeling of BMP-induced bone have rarely been discussed. Teriparatide (parathyroid hormone [PTH] 1-34) administration initially increases markers of bone formation, followed by an increase in bone resorption markers. This unique activity would be expected to...

Bisphosphonate doses used in cancer treatment are substantially higher than those used for osteoporosis. Little is known about the effects of these high doses on tissue-level remodeling suppression. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of cancer dosing regimens of zoledronic acid on tissue-level bone remodeling at different skeletal sites. Skeletally mature female beagle dogs were tr...

The present paper addresses the following question: can a simple regulatory bone remodeling model predict effects of unloading conditions on the trabecular bone morphology? In an attempt to answer this question, rat tail-suspension was chosen as a model that mimics the microgravity environment. Over 23 days, histomorphometric analysis was carried out on cross-sections of tibias of the suspended...

Mucopolysaccharidosis-I (MPS-I) is a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by inactivating mutations of IDUA, encoding the glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzyme α-l-iduronidase. Although MPS-I is associated with skeletal abnormalities, the impact of IDUA deficiency on bone remodeling is poorly defined. Here we report that Idua-deficient mice progressively develop a high bone mass phenotype with p...