In this letter we discuss two possible reasons which cause the observed braking indices n of young radio pulsars to be smaller than 3: (a) the evolving spin-down model of the magnetic field component B⊥ increases with time; (b) the extrinsic braking torque model in which the tidal torques exerted on the pulsar by the fallback disk, and carries away the spin angular momentum from the pulsar. Bas...

—— This paper describes the preliminary research and implementation of an experimental test bench set up for an electric vehicle Antilock Braking System (ABS)/Traction Control System (TCS) representing the dry, wet and icy road surfaces. A Fuzzy logic based controller to control the wheel slip for electric vehicle antilock braking system is presented. The test facility comprised of an induction...

This paper presents the design of a model-based supervision and diagnosis system for hydraulic and future electro-hydraulic passenger car braking systems. A state space model of the braking system has been derived, which allows calculation of the individual wheel brake cylinder pressures as well as the amount of brake fluid consumed due to faults in the braking system. Based on this model, a re...

Automotive driving safety systems such as an anti-lock braking system (ABS) and an electronic stability program (ESP) assist drivers in controlling the vehicle to avoid road accidents. In this paper, ABS and the ESP, based on the fuzzy logic theory, are integrated for vehicle stability control in complex braking maneuvers. The proposed control algorithm is implemented for a sport utility vehicl...

Parallel mechanisms frequently contain an unstable type of singularity that has no counterpart in serial mechanisms. When the mechanism is at or near this type of singularity, it loses the ability to counteract external forces in certain directions. This paper considers the application of additional kinematic constraint through passive joint braking in the close neighborhood of unstable poses. ...

As a result of observational difficulties, braking indices of only six rotation-powered pulsars are obtained with certainty, all of which are remarkably smaller than the value (n = 3) expected for pure magnetodipole radiation model. This is still a real fundamental question not being well answered after nearly forty years of the discovery of pulsar. The main problem is that we are shamefully no...

Over three hundred four-second / 40hz time series datasets (from simulated emergency braking manoeuvres at English fatal accident sites and field trials) (see Fig 1) were classified using key characteristics of the braking sequences extracted for each event. These characteristics were then tested for significant difference between road surface types and braking system types. One key marker, ave...

This study investigated the degrees of consistencies in driving behavior when operating a real system (real car), a virtual system (high fidelity driving simulator), and a laboratory system (computer driving game). The same tendency of behavioral consistencies was confirmed among the three systems: i.e., the steering operation demonstrated the highest behavioral consistencies, followed by the a...