A series of brief notes on distribution of vascular plants alien to Kyrgyzstan is presented. A further expansion of Anthemisruthenica (Asteraceae), Crambeorientalis (Brassicaceae) and Salviaaethiopis (Lamiaceae) in northern and northwestern Kyrgyzstan is recorded. The first record of Chenopodiumvulvaria (Amaranthaceae) from the northern side of Kyrgyz Range is confirmed, and the species was fou...

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Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is the causal agent of black rot on Brassicaceae. The draft genome sequences of three strains (CN14, CN15, and CN16) that are highly aggressive on Arabidopsis have been determined. These genome sequences present an unexpected genomic diversity in X. campestris pv. campestris, which will be valuable for comparative analyses.

Soil fumigat ion is commonly used to cont rol soil pests such as nematodes and o t h e r soil-borne pathogens . Most fumigants are phytotoxic , however , and fa rmers must delay subsequent plant ing until the dange r has subsided. T h e ability to measure phytotoxic levels o f fumigant residues could minimize the waiting time, bu t no accura te and practical m e t h o d o f m e a s u r e m e n ...

The subjects of this article are protoplast isolations and protoplast fusions, in particular their history, a review of factors influencing the protoplasts isolation and fusion, selection of hybrid plants and utilization of somatic hybrids in plant breeding. Somatic hybridization through protoplast fusion can overcome sexual incompatibility among plant species or genera; transfer genes of resis...