Invasive lobular carcinomas are the second most common type (5% to 15%) of invasive breast carcinomas. The most frequent sites of breast cancer metastasis are the local and distant lymph nodes, brain, lung, liver, and bones; metastasis to the gastrointestinal system, especially to the stomach, is rare. When a mass is detected in an unusual place in a patient with invasive lobular carcinoma, it ...

intoduction: the discovery of micrornas (mirnas), an extensive family of small non-protein-coding rnas, provided an exciting era in cancer research and recent findings have prompted us to revise the traditional concept of cancer. deregulated mirnas   expression influences biological events leading to cancer such as proliferation, differentiation, metastasis and apoptosis. the expression of onco...

Metastasis to breast from extra mammarian organs is quite rare with an incidence of 0.5-3%. Malignancies that most commonly metastasize to breast are lymphomas, leukemias, and malignant melanoma. Metastasis of lung cancer to breast is a very rare condition. We present here a case with squamous cell lung cancer that metastasized to breast. A 65-year-old man presented with cough in addition to a ...

Metastasis is the ultimate cause of breast cancer related mortality. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to play a crucial role in the metastatic potential of breast cancer. Growing evidence has implicated the SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1 in the regulation of EMT in mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer metastasis. However, the relevance of PIAS1 in human cancer and mechanisms by wh...

Metastasis is a major factor responsible for mortality in patients with breast cancer. Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1) has been shown to play an important role in cell differentiation, tumor angiogenesis, cell invasion, and metastasis. Despite the data establishing Id1 as a critical factor for lung metastasis in breast cancer, the pathways and molecular mechanisms of Id1 functions in metastasi...

Metastasis from serous carcinoma of the ovary usually occurs in the subdiaphragmatic region. Metastasis to the breast and/or axillary-intramammary lymph node is very rare. It usually occurs in advanced disease, and it is important to distinguish a primary breast cancer from an ovarian cancer metastasis since the management of these two entities is totally different. Here we present a patient wi...

background: primary leiomyosarcoma (lms) of the breast is a very rare neoplasm of the breast arising from the mesenchymal tissue. the clinical presentation of this entity simulates other benign and malignant lesions of mesenchymal tissue of the breast. case presentation: case 1: a 40-year-old female presented with a right-sided breast lump, which was suspected to be a malignant spindle cell tum...

Metastasis is a critical event affecting breast cancer patient survival. To identify molecules contributing to the metastatic process, we analysed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer data and identified 41 genes whose expression is inversely correlated with survival. Here we show that GABAA receptor alpha3 (Gabra3), normally exclusively expressed in adult brain, is also expressed in br...

Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) has been shown to be a metastasis suppressor in many kinds of malignant tumors. But its function in breast cancer was not yet clarified completely. We detected RKIP expression in clinical samples of primary breast cancer, breast cancer metastases, and in different breast cancer cells. Compared with the normal breast epithelia, benign breast epithelia, or in s...