The World Jurist Association’s Conference on International Arbitration and ADR – the Impact on the Rule of Law was held April 5 – 7, 2011 in Grand Baie, Mauritius. This Conference brought together 150 distinguished delegates and speakers from 20 countries, representing every region of the world. Our Host Committee was chaired by Honorable YKJ Yeung Sik Yuen, GOSK, Chief Justice of the Supreme C...

Japanese Angelica Root prepared from Angelica acutiloba var. acutiloba and A. acutiloba var. sugiyamae, known in Japan as “Toki” and “Hokkai Toki”, is an important crude drug used in Kampo medicine (traditional Japanese medicine). However, since these Angelica varieties have recently outcrossed with each other, it is unclear whether Japanese Angelica Root sold for use in Kampo medicine is a pur...

[1] In this study, the performance of inverse threedimensional variational assimilation (I3D-Var) is investigated in terms of dissipation process for an advection-diffusion problem. The performance of I3D-Var becomes poorer with larger diffusion coefficients. However, even for strong dissipation, the cost function during early iterations in the I3D-Var decreases still much faster than it does i...

This paper develops a new test to evaluate Value at Risk (VaR) forecasts. VaR is a standard risk measure widely utilized by financial institutions and regulators, yet estimating VaR is a challenging problem, and popular VaR forecast relies on unrealistic assumptions. Hence, assessing the performance of VaR is of great importance. We propose the geometric-VaR test which utilizes the duration bet...

The term "cheating" is used in the evolutionary and ecological literature to describe a wide range of exploitative or deceitful traits. Although many find this a useful short hand, others have suggested that it implies cognitive intent in a misleading way, and is used inconsistently. We provide a formal justification of the use of the term "cheat" from the perspective of an individual as a maxi...

Weeds are a major problem in seeding rangeland and cropland to native grasses. However, many immature weedy forbs and grasses are palatable to cattle. Research was conducted using yearling cattle for weed control in big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii var. gerardii Vitman) seedings (1987, 1988) at Mead, Nebraska on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll) soil....

Recent DNA sequencing data have shown that J. flaccida var. flaccida, J. f. var. martinezii and J. f. var. poblana are polyphyletic taxa. Additional analysis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) analyses for J. durangensis, J. flaccida var. flaccida, var. martinezii, and var. poblana, J. jaliscana, J. monticola and J. standleyi revealed exactly the same pattern of relationships as se...