In optical burst switching (OBS) networks, burst with different numbers of hops experience unfairness in terms of the burst loss probability. In this paper, we propose a preemptive scheme based on the number of transit hops in OBS networks. In our proposed scheme, preemption is performed with two thresholds; one is for the total number of hops of a burst and the other is for the number of trans...

BACKGROUND Approximate entropy, a measure of signal complexity and regularity, quantifies electroencephalogram changes during anesthesia. With increasing doses of anesthetics, burst-suppression patterns occur. Because of the high-frequency bursts, spectrally based parameters such as median electroencephalogram frequency and spectral edge frequency 95 do not decrease, incorrectly suggesting ligh...

In this paper, we consider the problem of fast and efficient dynamic scheduling of bursts that belong to different classes of priority in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)based optical burst switching (OBS) networks with limited optical buffers. In OBS networks, control and data components of a burst are sent separately with a time gap to ensure that resources such as wavelengths and fiber...

We are developing a lexicon of specific heart period changes, or lexons, that recur frequently and whose physiological meaning can be read into ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG). The transient, reversible "burst" of tachycardia induced by exercise initiation can also be seen on ambulatory ECG. We hypothesized that burst morphology depended on the work that preceded it and on baroreceptor activ...

Burst suppression is an EEG pattern characterized by alternating periods of high-amplitude activity (bursts) and relatively low amplitude activity (suppressions). Burst suppression can arise from several different pathological conditions, as well as from general anesthesia. Here we review current algorithms that are used to quantify burst suppression, its various etiologies, and possible underl...

Conceptual study on nucleation burst evolution in the convective boundary layer – Part I: Modelling approach O. Hellmuth Modelling Department, Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoser Str. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Received: 1 August 2005 – Accepted: 21 October 2005 – Published: 10 November 2005 Correspondence to: O. Hellmuth ([email protected]) © 2005 Author(s). This work is licensed under ...

Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation could modulate cortical excitability and has the potential to treat refractory depression. However, there has been a lack of large randomized studies of the antidepressant efficacy of different forms of theta-burst stimulation, such as intermittent and continuous theta-burst stimulation. A randomized sham-controlled study was conducted to investigat...

OBJECTIVES Conventional spinal cord stimulation (SCS) delivers a tonic waveform with consistent stream of pulses; burst delivers groups of pulses separated by short pulse-free periods. The current study compared the short-term safety and efficacy of burst with tonic stimulation in subjects already receiving SCS. MATERIALS AND METHODS At 4 IRB-approved sites, 22 subjects previously implanted w...

It is well known that during the process of transmission errors occur predominantly in the form of a burst. However, it does not generally happen that all the digits inside any burst length get corrupted. Also when burst length is large then the actual number of errors inside the burst length is also not very less. Keeping this in view, we study codes which detect/correct moderate-density burst...